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## Whitehaven Beach, Australia
Located in the heart of the Great Barrier Reef, Whitehaven Beach is a pristine 7-kilometer stretch of pure white silica sand and turquoise waters. Accessible by boat from Airlie Beach or Hamilton Island, this beach offers unparalleled beauty and serenity. The sand here is so fine that it never gets hot, making it perfect for long walks. Don’t miss the Hill Inlet, where the tide shifts the sand and water to create a mesmerizing swirl of colors—a must-see view!

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## Anse Source d'Argent, Seychelles
Often considered one of the most photographed beaches in the world, Anse Source d'Argent is a true paradise. Located on La Digue Island, the beach is famous for its unique granite boulders, crystal-clear waters, and powdery sand. The shallow lagoon is ideal for swimming and snorkeling, offering a glimpse into the vibrant marine life of the Indian Ocean. Surrounded by lush tropical greenery and stunning rock formations, this beach is the perfect spot for a peaceful retreat or a romantic day out.

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## Navagio Beach, Greece
Navagio Beach, also known as Shipwreck Beach, is an iconic spot on the Greek island of Zakynthos. This secluded cove, surrounded by towering limestone cliffs and accessible only by boat, is named after the shipwreck of the MV Panagiotis that washed ashore in 1980. Its deep blue waters and the dramatic landscape make it a must-visit destination for photographers and adventurers alike. Whether you’re soaking in the sun on the beach or exploring the cliffs above, Navagio Beach offers a spectacular experience you won't forget.

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## Boracay Island, Philippines
A favorite escape for locals and travelers alike, Boracay Island in the Philippines is famous for its White Beach, a 4-kilometer stretch of soft, powdery sand. Just a short flight from Manila, this beach is the perfect blend of relaxation and excitement. Spend your days lounging under the sun, and as night falls, enjoy the lively beachfront bars and restaurants. The warm, clear waters are ideal for snorkeling, diving, and paddleboarding. Boracay’s friendly atmosphere and stunning scenery make it a top destination for beach lovers and adventure seekers.

The 4 Best Beaches in the World: Your Ultimate Escape

**1. Santorini, Greece**
Santorini in October offers a unique blend of mild weather, fewer tourists, and the stunning beauty of the island's iconic whitewashed buildings and deep blue seas. With the scorching summer heat gone, it’s the ideal time to explore the island’s cliffside towns, such as Oia and Fira, without the crowds. You can still enjoy beach days at Perissa or Kamari, as the sea temperatures remain warm enough for a swim.

October is also the month of grape harvesting, and Santorini’s world-famous wineries are in full swing. A visit to a local vineyard to sample the island's distinctive volcanic wines is a must. Whether you're taking a boat tour of the caldera or hiking the scenic trails from Fira to Oia, October offers perfect weather and a peaceful atmosphere for a truly relaxing holiday.



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**2. Kyoto, Japan**
October is one of the most beautiful times to visit Kyoto, Japan, as the city’s famous autumn foliage begins to turn vibrant shades of red, orange, and yellow. Known for its temples, gardens, and traditional tea houses, Kyoto transforms into a natural wonderland during the fall. Visitors can explore iconic landmarks such as the Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion) and Fushimi Inari Taisha, surrounded by colorful maple and ginkgo trees.

October also marks the beginning of several cultural festivals, including the Jidai Matsuri, a historic costume parade that celebrates Kyoto's rich history. The weather is cool and crisp, perfect for outdoor sightseeing. Be sure to stroll through the Arashiyama Bamboo Forest and the Philosopher’s Path to fully immerse yourself in Kyoto’s autumnal charm.



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**3. Tuscany, Italy**
Tuscany is a dream destination any time of year, but October holds a special allure. The summer crowds have departed, and the region’s rolling hills are ablaze with the colors of autumn. October is also harvest season, making it the best time to visit Tuscany’s wineries and olive groves. Wine enthusiasts can enjoy tasting tours in the Chianti region and sample freshly pressed olive oil during the olive harvest.

The pleasant weather is ideal for exploring charming hilltop towns like San Gimignano, Siena, and Cortona, where local festivals and food markets showcase seasonal delicacies such as truffles, chestnuts, and wild game. October’s balmy days are perfect for hiking or cycling through the picturesque countryside, and the cooler evenings invite cozy dinners at traditional trattorias. Tuscany in October offers a true taste of Italian culture, food, and natural beauty.



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**Looking to explore Santorini, Kyoto, or Tuscany this October? At Essens.travel, we offer unbeatable deals on flights and accommodations to all these incredible destinations. Whether you’re seeking a relaxing beach escape, cultural adventures, or a taste of Italian countryside, you can find the best travel packages tailored to your needs. Discover the ease of planning your next getaway with our exclusive offers on flights and top-rated hotels, ensuring your vacation is as enjoyable as it is affordable. Book today and experience the world with Essens.travel!**

Where to Go on Vacation in October: Top 3 Destinations

Reasons why Iceland in winter:

1. Much of the merit is due to the friendly nature of the locals and the feeling that time plays no role in their lives. This combination cleans you completely and returns home full of energy. It then suffices for the next months of everyday life.
2. Half price. In general, Iceland is said to be expensive and it may seem so for people unfamiliar with local circumstances. But this is not the case in winter. Prices of air tickets, accommodation and car rental are considerably lower, often even half.
3. Great opportunity to see the Northern Lights Aurora borealis. Drawing, green-purple sky. It's something unimaginable, the photos are beautiful, but the reality is unforgettable. You need darkness to observe the aurora, and it is the longest in Iceland from late August to mid-April. If you are lucky, you can still see the aurora from Reykjavik, but by far the best spot to watch is Thingvellir National Park.
4. Iceland must feel. Already the first breath of clean air after landing aircraft will amaze you.
5. In Iceland you will experience many contrasts. Here you can see hot mineral springs, volcanoes, geysers, mountains, lakes, glaciers, beautiful beaches and experience the deafening rumble of countless waterfalls in contrast to the absolute silence of uninhabited wastes. Iceland is the least populated country in Europe.
6. It may sound surprising, but there is unexpectedly great cultural life in Iceland. The island is teeming with a number of professional artists. Whether it's design, music or fine art, everyone will find their own.
7. In Reykjavik, you may visit more concerts during your stay than during the whole year. As a bonus, most performances and concerts by local artists are free.

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## When to fly

You ask, why should you go to the coldest island in Europe in winter? Iceland's winter is not so dramatic. It is cooler there, there is more snow, but thanks to the influence of the Gulf Stream it is warmer than you would expect. Snow usually lasts about a week and then melts again. In addition, Iceland offers you many ways to warm up comfortably with hot springs and geysers that sometimes splash up to a few meters.

Hot springs are used by both locals to heat their homes and tourist centers. The most famous center is the luxurious Blue Lagoon, which is the most visited by tourists.

Iceland waterfalls are among the most visited places. It boasts great diversity. They are small and quiet, but also huge and majestic. But all are beautiful. The most famous is Rescued Waterfall, located near the capital Reykjavik. Due to its good accessibility it is well visited. Together with the Geysir Geyser and Thingvellir National Park, they form the so-called "golden triangle". The second largest on the island is Háifoss waterfall. It is 122 meters long. However, it is not easy to get to it and an off-road car is needed to get there.

Beautiful natural panorama of Icelandic waterfall, river surrounded by winter volcanic landscape. The Öxarárfoss waterfall can be found in Thingvellir National Park and is photographed here in a dramatic sky of stained clouds.

It is also worth mentioning the large lake Jökulsárlón. It offers an unusual sight. Glittering glacier floats float on the surface. It stretches between the sea and the Breiðamerkurjökull glacier. Huge blue pieces of ice break off from it and head to the sea on the surface of the lake.

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A tourist stands in a surreal ice landscape on the beach at Jokulsarlon glacier lagoon in Iceland. Many large pieces of ice are washed off the coast. The glacier mountains that come from the melting Vatnajokull glacier are scattered all over the coast. This picture was taken during a cold winter evening.

Due to the diversity of Iceland, on the way back you will wonder if you have seen everything, and after returning you will start searching for another spare time when you can come back to explore other parts of this exceptional country in every way.

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ICELAND - A world full of fantasy

## We honour the values of our ancestors

The Border Chateau is a classical building built by the Liechtenstein family between 1816 and 1827, commissioned by John I. Joseph of Liechtenstein on the banks of the Hlohovec pond for the purpose of relaxation and rest. It served as a summer residence of the noble family. This meaningful project is a challenge and a commitment for us and we continue this story with the utmost respect and humility. Our aim is to preserve the monument in its charming beauty for future generations, so that it becomes a popular and sought-after jewel of South Moravia.

## Why Hraniční?

At the time of the construction of the chateau, the land belonged to Moravia, but during the construction process, the land border between the Margrave of Moravia and the Archduke of Lower Austria divided it into the centre of the building. This important division of the territory is still reminded by the inscription on the façade "Zwischen Österreich und Mähren" and is a testimony to the fact that until 1920 the territorial boundary ran along a different line than we are used to today. The shift of the border was also symbolised by the border stream Včelínek, which was originally part of the park's decoration. It flowed out of the vase of the statue of Hygie placed in the middle of the fountain with a pond, flowed through the courtyard of the chateau and flowed into the Hlohovec pond.

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## HOTEL\*\*\*\* SUPERIOR

The[hotel resort CHATEAU DE FRONTIERE / Hraniční zámmeček](https://www.chateaudefrontiere.com/?utm_source=flymeto.com&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=chateau) is the only hotel in the Lednice-Valtice area to be certified in the category Hotel\*\*\*\* SUPERIOR. Thanks to the uniform classification criteria, we guarantee our visitors an adequate range of services and facilities that you will not find in the wider area.

## Wellness

The luxurious sauna world offers perfect relaxation in three themed saunas followed by cooling down in the pool or snow cave. Sports enthusiasts will appreciate the modern fitness centre and the cryosauna with freezing refreshment down to -150 °C. Perfect relaxation is provided by a superior hot tub and three relaxation zones overlooking the chateau building.

## À la carte restaurant

The hotel's à la carte [Restaurant Chateau Petit](https://www.chateaudefrontiere.com/petit.php?utm_source=flymeto.com&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=chateau), under the direction of Chef David Viktorin, provides a gastronomic experience and offers a wide selection from the extensive wine list. The stylish establishment pampers hotel guests from breakfast to evening seating on the summer terrace, has two bowling lanes and also provides facilities for visitors to the outdoor pool or the first floor conference room.

## Behind the house

The outdoor seating area Behind the House is located in a small private park behind [Chateau Petit](https://www.chateaudefrontiere.com/petit.php?utm_source=flymeto.com&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=chateau) and is dominated by a massive Chef's table for 12 people. The concept is based on an exclusive range of dishes served from the in-house smokehouse, open fire and bread oven.

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## Fine dining gastronomy

[ESSENS Restaurant](https://www.restaurantessens.com?utm_source=flymeto.com&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=chateau) is located in the historic building of the Border Chateau and is completely out of the ordinary. Under the direction of chef Otto Vašák, guests are treated to extraordinary gastronomic experiences and thanks to these almost artistic creations, even the most sluggish taste buds are awakened. Inspired by Michelin-starred restaurants, the eight-course or shortened four-course tasting menus are offered here too, using only local and local ingredients. When paired with wine pairings, dinner becomes an incredible indulgence.

## Bistro Les Vélos

This popular bistro on one of the most famous cycle paths in the Czech Republic meets all the parameters for quality refreshments, great refreshments and perfect relaxation. In season, it becomes a popular destination for cyclists discovering the beauty of South Moravia.

## We rely on local suppliers

Both restaurants build their art on seasonal offerings, so there is a regular reward of menus and variations of individual courses. We pride ourselves on working with local growers, breeders and farmers, with the freshness of the ingredients and the way they are processed a priority and a prerequisite for a perfect result. Herbs and other ingredients grown in our own garden or gathered from the surrounding countryside are then processed by hand; our own production includes, for example, homemade pastries and exclusive cold cuts.

ESSENS and Petit restaurants at the Chateau de Frontiere

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### Contact

 CHATEAU DE FRONTIERE / Hraniční zámeček \
 K Zámečku 16, 691 43 Hlohovec u Břeclavi \
 [www.chateaudefrontiere.com]([www.chateaudefrontiere.com/?utm_source=flymeto.com&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=chateau) \
 FACEBOOK: [chateaudefrontiere](https://www.facebook.com/chateaudefrontiere), [restaurantessensofficial](https://www.facebook.com/restaurantessensofficial), [chateaupetit.hlohovec](https://www.facebook.com/chateaupetit.hlohovec) \
 INSTAGRAM: [hotelchateaudefrontiere](https://www.instagram.com/hotelchateaudefrontiere), [essensrestaurant](https://www.instagram.com/essensrestaurant), [chateaupetit.hlohovec](https://www.instagram.com/hotelchateaudefrontiere) \
Reception phone: +420 731401 456, +420 519 354 354


Château de Frontière: the perfect blend of history, comfort and gastronomic experience

The Italian rider, who also finished second in the Superpole Race, took the lead at Turn 1 and tried to put some distance between himself and the rest of the group. However, thanks to an impressive pace, Razgatlioglu (BMW) managed to overtake him on Lap 8. From that moment onwards, the positions remained unchanged. Nonetheless, it was an extremely solid weekend for Bulega, who is now second in the overall standings of the World Superbike Championship, 21 points behind Razgatlioglu, and with a 3-point advantage over his teammate.

Alvaro Bautista was forced to start 11th on the grid following a crash in the Superpole Race. Nevertheless, the rider from Talavera staged an impressive comeback, concluding on Lap 10 when he overtook Lowes for the third step of the podium.

It was an unfortunate race for Pirro, who crashed after attempting an overtaking maneuver on Lowes (Ducati) for the 12th position.

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Nicolò Bulega (Aruba.it Racing – Ducati #11) 
“I am thrilled. Competing for the first time in Misano with the Superbike and finishing all races in second place is, without a doubt, a great result, even though winning would have been a dream. Anyway, I have to say congratulations to Toprak because he has been really fast. Now we will head to Donington, a circuit that I like a lot.”

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Alvaro Bautista (Aruba.it Racing – Ducati #1) 
“I made a great comeback, and I should say that I had fun. For sure, we are still not in our best shape. We worked a lot on the bike this weekend, trying to find the ideal set-up, which, in the end, we were not able to find. Now, we need to reset and analyze the data in order to arrive at Donington with more certainty.”

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**WSBK Championship with the Aruba racing team**


Our name is growing in the world of motorsport, which is why we are becoming a proud partner of the Arubaracing Team in the 2024 season, providing them with a full travel service during the WSBK Superbike Championship. Flymeto takes care of every detail of the trip, including booking flights, accommodation and other needs, so that the team can fully focus on the races. With our expert team and global network of partners, we ensure that the team can travel comfortably and carefree around the world on convenient dates. We are excited to be part of their success and help them achieve excellent results in the WSBK Superbike Championship.

Pirelli Emilia Romagna Round

[JetSurf](http://www.jetsurf.com/home/) was actually a byproduct of Moto GP. Martin Šula, the inventor of JetSurf, could not apply his motorcycle racing improvements, but he was not left in the workshop. Instead he put together the first motorized surfboard, which he then gradually improved. Today, he organizes international races and his JetSurf has won celebrities like Justin Bieber. Try it, too.

{{< youtube link="BzZ1cZ0vik8" >}}

Surf with or without motor?

While running up the stairs to the Algarve &#39;s surfboards with a classic board and running down once, with JetSurf with a full tank, you change your mind twice before choosing such a beach. JetSurf is just a little heavier than a classic board and you need to learn how to electronics in it and how to properly sense the tank.

On the other hand, with motorized surf, you can ride almost anywhere. And you don't have to wait for the waves to ride at all. "You can do anything with JetSurf," says Martin Sula, adding: "Some people like to jump on the wave, others enjoy the sunset on a flat river or lake, it's individual."

## For the first time on calm waters

For JetSurfer beginners, closed water areas, such as ponds and lakes, where the surface is level, are best. The Czechs have this advantage, in Valtice they have a [JetSurf Academy](http://www.jetsurf-academy.cz/) with their own race track where they can learn and ride in the company of the founder of JetSurf and people who know the motorized board as their shoes. Once they become stable on the board and become dazzled, they can try a river or smaller waves at sea.

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### Where are pros

"The most experienced World Cup competitors must train on the track. That's why most top riders go where they can ride between buoys, "says Lukáš Záhorský. In addition to the aforementioned Valtice, there are dozens of motosurf sites in Thailand, Bali, but also in Europe or the United States. They are already ready for JetSurf and offer charging stations, gasoline and other gadgets. But as the racers themselves say, the background is not so important, they can bring everything with them.

Among all, let us mention Bali and Croatia, which in JetSurfer responses often appeared as often as sites that the competitors would choose as a new home if they were to say goodbye to the Czech lump. And who would wonder, watch the video and you will know why Bali and motorized surf sounds like a perfect holiday combo.

{{< youtube link="LdZ_IthueRA" >}}

## What to do with JetSurf in winter

With a ticket in your pocket, something like high season doesn't exist for a surfer, let alone a JetSurfer. When the season ends in America, you will fly to the Maldives. Czech JetSurfers still find time for the mountains. Motorsport, skiing and snowboarding are intertwined with JetSurf. "Skiing is a good practice for experienced JetSurf riders, it improves physical and fitness," advises Lukáš Záhorský.

## How to summon motosurf for years

"It's important to have the surfboard completely dry and to rinse the tank. Then it is necessary to select companies that allow the transport of sports equipment. Emirates is the best, friends aren't much with Germany, but they will understand it over time, "laughs Aneta Sacher of the MSR Engines Racing Team.

In general, however, airlines do not see the difference between surfboard and motorized surfing and carry it normally as sports equipment. Just disconnect the wiring, smell the tank in violets and not gasoline, as joke Pavel Heiník jokes, pack it among other things in the luggage and you can fly.

"In this, JetSurf is great, as perhaps the only motorsport in the world is not so limited by demanding logistics," compares Jakub Kornfeil Moto Surf WorldCup and Moto GP.

(Jet) The surf season is here

## **Crete, Greece: Beautiful Beaches and Ideal Climate**
June is the perfect month for a vacation on [Crete](https://essens.travel/en/flights/LON/HER/), the largest Greek island, which offers a perfect combination of stunning beaches, rich history, and excellent cuisine. Flights from many European cities can be purchased at very reasonable prices, often ranging from 100-200€ if booked well in advance. Crete is known for its long sandy beaches such as Elafonissi and Balos, where you can enjoy the sun and the turquoise waters of the Aegean Sea. Additionally, June in Crete means temperatures around a pleasant 25-30°C, making it ideal for beach activities and exploring the island.

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## **Algarve, Portugal: Natural Beauty and Historical Charms**
Algarve, a region in southern Portugal, is another excellent destination for a June vacation under 1000€. Flights to Faro, the region's main city, are often available at reasonable prices around 150-250€. Algarve is famous for its breathtaking coastal cliffs, picturesque beaches, and historic towns like Lagos and Tavira. June temperatures are around a pleasant 25-28°C, perfect for beach activities and excursions. Accommodation in this area can be found for 50-70€ per night in apartments or smaller hotels, allowing you to stay within budget while enjoying a comfortable and beautiful environment.

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## **Sunny Beach, Bulgaria: Affordable Vacation with High Quality**
For those looking for an affordable vacation with high-quality services, Sunny Beach in Bulgaria is the perfect choice. Flights to Burgas, the nearest airport, can be found for around 100-200€. Sunny Beach is known for its wide sandy beaches and vibrant atmosphere. June temperatures hover around a pleasant 25-30°C, ideal for beach activities and nightlife. Accommodation here is among the cheapest in Europe, with prices starting around 20-40€ per night in guesthouses and smaller hotels.

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Best June Vacation Destinations Under 1000€: Crete, Portugal, and Bulgaria

## Pizza in Naples
Let's kick off our journey with a slice of heaven - pizza in its birthplace, Naples. Renowned for its authenticity and simplicity, Neapolitan pizza boasts a thin, crispy crust, tangy tomato sauce, and creamy fresh mozzarella. Indulge in this culinary masterpiece at iconic pizzerias like "Da Michele" and "Sorbillo," and experience pizza bliss like never before.



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Authentic Neapolitan Pizza Dough Recipe

Ingredients:

4 cups (500g) of Type "00" flour
1 ½ cups (350ml) of water (room temperature)
1 teaspoon (3g) of active dry yeast
1 ½ teaspoons (10g) of salt
1 teaspoon (5g) of sugar
Instructions:

Yeast Mixture: Dissolve yeast and sugar in water. Let sit for 5 minutes.
Mix: Combine flour and salt in a bowl. Add yeast mixture and mix until dough forms.
Knead: Knead on a floured surface for 10 minutes until smooth.
Rise: Place in an oiled bowl, cover, and let rise for 2 hours.
Shape: Divide into 4 balls. Let rest for 30 minutes.
Bake: Preheat oven to 475°F (250°C) with a pizza stone. Stretch dough, add toppings, and bake for 10-12 minutes.
Enjoy your homemade Neapolitan pizza!

Authentic Neapolitan Pizza Dough Recipe

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## Pasta in Bologna
No culinary adventure in Italy would be complete without savoring the exquisite pasta dishes of Bologna. Known as the gastronomic capital of Italy, Bologna offers a plethora of pasta delights, from silky tagliatelle al ragù to hearty lasagna. Dive into the rich culinary heritage of this vibrant city and discover why Bolognese cuisine is revered worldwide.

## Gelato in Rome
Beat the heat and treat yourself to a scoop of creamy gelato in the eternal city of Rome. Gelato, Italy's beloved frozen dessert, comes in a myriad of tantalizing flavors, from luscious pistachio to indulgent stracciatella. Wander through the cobblestone streets of Rome and sample this irresistible treat at charming gelaterias nestled around every corner.


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## Seafood in Sicily
Head south to the sun-drenched island of Sicily and embark on a seafood odyssey like no other. With its pristine coastline and bountiful waters, Sicily offers an abundance of fresh seafood delicacies, from succulent swordfish to briny anchovies. Delight your palate with the flavors of the Mediterranean and experience the culinary heritage of this enchanting island.

## Wine in Piedmont
Conclude your culinary journey with a toast to Italy's famed wine region, Piedmont. Home to world-class wines such as Barolo and Barbaresco, Piedmont boasts rolling vineyards, picturesque hilltop towns, and centuries-old wineries. Raise a glass to la dolce vita and savor the complex flavors of Piedmontese wines amidst the stunning backdrop of the Italian countryside.

In Conclusion
Italy's culinary landscape is as diverse and captivating as its rich cultural heritage. Whether you're indulging in pizza in Naples, savoring pasta in Bologna, or sipping wine in Piedmont, each culinary experience offers a glimpse into Italy's culinary soul. So pack your bags, sharpen your appetite, and embark on a journey through Italy's gastronomic delights. Buon viaggio e buon appetito!

## Authentic Neapolitan Pizza Dough Recipe

Ingredients:

4 cups (500g) of Type "00" flour
1 ½ cups (350ml) of water (room temperature)
1 teaspoon (3g) of active dry yeast
1 ½ teaspoons (10g) of salt
1 teaspoon (5g) of sugar
Instructions:

Yeast Mixture: Dissolve yeast and sugar in water. Let sit for 5 minutes.
Mix: Combine flour and salt in a bowl. Add yeast mixture and mix until dough forms.
Knead: Knead on a floured surface for 10 minutes until smooth.
Rise: Place in an oiled bowl, cover, and let rise for 2 hours.
Shape: Divide into 4 balls. Let rest for 30 minutes.
Bake: Preheat oven to 475°F (250°C) with a pizza stone. Stretch dough, add toppings, and bake for 10-12 minutes.

toto je test info KARTY

ZDE MŮŽETE NAJÍT NEJLEPŠÍ LETENKY Z PRAHY DO ITÁLIE

Zkouška

Exploring the Culinary Wonders of Italy

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The weather is suitable for travel all year round. It is necessary to take into account higher temperatures

All year round

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The exchange rate is around 26.5 CZK for 1 EUR

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Tickets

## Why go to Spain

Here are 10 reasons to visit Spain.

### Get to know their food - tapas

Tapas is a great appetizer and can be found on every corner. Tapas are usually served in the middle of the table, allowing one guest to taste the other's plate and share more than just tasting experiences with friends or family.

### Bullfighting: Sport or tradition

This is a very controversial topic. It is important to remain non-partisan and we leave it up to you to decide whether you consider bullfighting to be barbaric bloody entertainment, or rather an artistic discipline and therefore an integral part of Spain's cultural heritage.

The first mentions of this tradition can be found in antiquity. The matches came to Spain from Rome where their popularity was in gladiatorial games.

To this day, many Spaniards consider ornate bull wrestlers to be celebrities who deserve recognition and admiration. The Faleador fiery season of Las Fallas is in Valencia in mid-March.

### Architecture

The Sagrada Família by Antonio Gaudí is an integral part of the famous architectural works. For example, in Madrid, in the Parque del Oeste, you can appreciate the charm of the ancient Egyptian temple of Debod, which was first dismantled and then reassembled in Madrid.

### Flamenco

The Spaniards devote a large amount of time to the dance called Flamenco and are among the country's symbols. The Spaniards are known to love food, singing, music, dance and express their emotions.

They can show their sadness. Their temperament is reflected in the energetic southern Spanish flamenco, a dance full of movement, emphasis, temperament, with which they can show their grief. If you have a moment, sign up for a flamenco course directly in Spain. If you just want to watch remotely, stop by the Corral de la Morería restaurant in Madrid, where the best dancers in Spain will dance for you.

### The best restaurant

There are no flaws in Spanish delicacies and all their traditional delicacies, you will immediately love them. Gastronomy is one of the best and oldest in the world.

In 2013, the El Celler de Can Roca restaurant in Girona was named the best restaurant, thanks to the owners and their hospitality.

Madrid is proud to present the oldest restaurant in the world, called Sobrino de Botin, which dates back to 1725. Everything you taste here is highly addictive. How about trying bean pods with jamón iberico, a Spanish ham made from a special breed of Iberian black pigs?

### Beaches in every way that everyone will fall in love

The beaches are characterized by their diversity and distinctive charm. Each beach has its own charm and you can spend one day on a deserted beach and the next day watching the constricting cliffs. Experienced travelers will definitely recommend you to visit Fuerteventura. Despite the fact that the island does not have a large area, there are over 150 beaches. Therefore, you can experience each day differently. In the morning you can gain strength on the sandy beach and swim in the turquoise water, and in the evening you can have fun on the wild beach trapped in the arms of the rocks towering over the shore.

If you don't want to leave Spain and don't mind crowded beaches, visit Barcelona.

The city's beaches are among the most beautiful in the world.

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### Celebrations in the style of tomato battles and escape from the bulls

Although the Spaniards are struggling with high unemployment and have been struggling with the crisis for a long time, this did not make them want to have fun, celebrate, laugh and have pleasant moments. Rarely in the world will you experience such spectacular celebrations as here.

If you want to experience something unconventional, bet on the tomato battle in the Spanish style. La Tomatina has been held since 1945. Every last Wednesday in August, on St. Louis's Day, 120 tonnes of tomatoes are sprinkled among the delighted participants in the town of Buñol near Valencia.

Adrenaline lovers, on the other hand, have on their list an escape from the bulls through the historic streets of Pamplona. It is an integral part of the festivities of St. Fermin.

### Lifestyle a little different way

In the morning, what do you run out of the door with an empty stomach and the feeling that another demanding day full of stress and a lot of tasks awaits you? If you get to know this description, try to be inspired by the Spaniards. Some things just can't be rushed and you need to set aside enough time for them.

Family-run Spaniards are used to dining together, not just on weekends. They like to talk about everything and there is always a good mood at the table. On Sundays, the shops are closed and parents take their children to confectioneries, a park or the beach instead of shopping centers. It is equally common for coffee and dessert to meet all generations. Grandparents enjoy their grandchildren and parents have more time just for themselves.

### Romantic Cities - Madrid and Barcelona

Are you one of those who enjoys extended weekends in European capitals? And have you been to Madrid or Barcelona? Isn't it? Then is the best time to fix it. Head to Barcelona to find out why it is nicknamed the Catalan jewel of the Mediterranean. With open arms, it welcomes all lovers of history, culture, sunbathing on the beach and fans of non-traditional architecture and design.

It is also wonderful in Madrid to mix everything necessary for a great holiday. Good food, rich nightlife, monuments, art, lots of parks, cozy nooks, nice people. For a while you can admire the flowering of European painting in the Prado Gallery, and for a while you can just hang out in the Retiro leisure park, where there are royal artificial lakes and a crystal palace.

### Museums

In bad weather, one of the many Spanish museums and galleries will provide refuge. Like other European countries, it boasts a number of world-famous galleries and art collections housed in them. In Madrid, focus on the Prado National Museum, which is one of the world's most important galleries. The real jewel of the museum itself are selected triptychs by Hieronymus Bosch. The most famous is called the Garden of Earthly Delights.

In Barcelona, people go to the Picasso Museum for art, which is housed in a beautiful historic palace and hides the earliest paintings of this creative genius. The Guggenheim Museum of Modern Art in Bilbao, Basque Country, will play an aesthetically double game with you. It can feel like a boat or like a headless fish.

## The capital of Spain

Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The city's population is almost 3.2 million and the metropolitan area is home to around 6.3 million people. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and the Madrid metropolitan area is the third largest in the European Union, after Paris and London. The city covers a total area of 604.3 km2.

The city lies on the Manzanares River and is located both in the center of Spain and in the center of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, which consists of Madrid itself, its agglomeration and surrounding towns and villages. This community borders the communities of Castile and León and Castilla-La Mancha. As the capital, seat of government and seat of the King of Spain, Madrid is also the political, economic and cultural center of Spain. The current mayor of the city is Manuela Carmena from Ahora Madrid.

Madrid is home to the top management of many organizations: the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI), PIOB and SEGIB. The city is also the center of international Spanish language regulators: the leadership of the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) and the Instituto Cervantes.

Although Madrid has a modern infrastructure, many of its historic districts and streets still retain their original appearance and specific mood. Madrid's leading landmarks include the Royal Palace (Palacio Real), the Royal Theater, Buen Retiro Park, the National Library building, a number of galleries and museums such as the Museo del Prado, the Museo Reina Sofía and the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza. The palace and fountain in Plaza de Cibeles have become a symbol of the city.

Madrid is also home to two world-famous football clubs, Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid.

### Transport in Madrid

The backbone of public transport is the metro, which serves not only the capital area, but also its metropolitan area. Additional transport is bus transport, which is operated even at night. Historically, trams and even earlier omnibuses have also been operated in Madrid.

The city has three city highway circuits - M30, M40 and M50, supplemented by the southeastern semicircle M45. These are further connected by various radial communications. In addition to individual transport, the use of taxis is frequent.

The city has Adolf Suárez International Airport (MAD, LEMD) and Cuatro Vientos Airport (LECU). Near the city there are military air bases Getafe and Torrejón.

### Environment

Madrid is the city with the largest number of trees per capita and has the longest tree line in the world after Tokyo. There are 248,000 trees in the alley. Since 1997, the greenery has grown by 16%. At present, greenery makes up 8.2% of Madrid.

### Climate geography

The city of Madrid is located in the geographical center of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has coordinates 40 ° 26 'N 3 ° 41' W and its average altitude is 667 m. Madrid's climate is continental-Mediterranean and is strongly influenced by urban conditions.

Winters are cold, with temperatures below 4-5 ° C, frequent frosts and occasionally snowing. Summers are hot with an average of around 24 ° C in July and August, sometimes with maxima above 35 ° C. The annual temperature range is high (19 degrees) due to the great distance from the sea and altitude (around 600 m). The annual total precipitation is higher than 400 mm.

### Sculpture in Madrid

The streets of Madrid are a made-up museum of outdoor sculpture. Many parts of Buen Retiro Park are beautiful sculptures, mainly thanks to the monument to Alfonso XII. and the statue of Fuente del Ángel Caído.

### Sport

Soccer teams

- Real Madrid
- Atletico Madrid
- Getafe CF
- Vallecano Ray
- Real Madrid Castilla

## Flag of Spain

The flag of Spain contains three horizontal stripes, which are red, yellow and red in a ratio (1: 2: 1) derived from the Aragonese emblem.

According to King Karel Lysý (848–877), after a fight with the Moors, he dipped his fingers into the blood of his wounded ally, Count Wilfred I of Aragon, and wiped them on his hitherto empty shield; so the character was created.

Above the square shield lies the royal crown, and on either side rise the columns of Hercules, representing Gibraltar and Ceuta. Very interesting are the red ribbons wrapping both columns with the motto Plus ultra (= something further). The original inscription was Non plus ultra (= nothing more). It was assumed that there was no other country behind Gibraltar. We have known the Spanish flag in this form since 1981. The country code is EC.

The origin of the current flag of Spain is a naval battalion from 1785, Pabellón de la Marina de Guerra under Charles III of Spain. It was chosen by Charles III among 12 different flags designed by Antonio Valdés y Bazán (all proposed flags were presented on a drawing, which is in the Maritime Museum in Madrid). The flag remained focused on the sea for most of the next 50 years and other maritime property. During the Peninsular War, the flag was also found on naval regiments fighting inland. It was not until 1820 that the first Spanish ground unit (La Princesa regiment) was equipped once, and it was not until 1843 that Queen Isabella II of Spain was official.

During the 19th and 20th centuries, the color scheme of the flag remained unchanged, except for the period of the Second Republic (1931–1939); the only changes focused on the coat of arms.

## Population

As of January 1, 2019, Spain had a total population of 47,007,367, an increase of 0.59% since 2018. Facts The CIA (2011) cites the racial description of the "Mediterranean and Nordic type" under "ethnic groups" instead of the usual ethnic divisions. . This reflects the emergence of the modern Kingdom of Spain with the growth of several independent Iberian empires, such as León, Castile, Navarra, the Crown of Aragon and Granada.

The population of Spain peaked in 2012, at 47,218,216 people. Spain's official population fell by 206,000 to 47.1 million, mainly due to the return of immigrants home as a result of the consequences of the European economic and fiscal crisis. The population density per 91.4 inhabitants per square kilometer (237 / sq mi) is lower than in most Western European countries. The most densely populated areas, with the exception of the capital Madrid around the coast.

Birth rates have dropped dramatically in the last quarter of a century. The birth rate in Spain of 1.47 (the number of children the average woman will have during her lifetime) is lower than the EU average, but has been rising every year since the late 1990s. The birth rate rose in 10 years from 9.10 births per 1,000 people per year in 1996 to 10.9 in 2006.

Spain has no official religion. The Spanish Constitution of 1978 abolished the Roman Catholic Church as the official state religion, recognizing the role it plays in Spanish society. As of 2018, 68.5% of the population defined themselves as Catholic, 26.4% as non-believers or atheists, and 2.6% other religions. Among believers, 59% say they almost never go to any religious service, while 16.3% attend one or more religious services almost every week. Practical secularization is strong, and most, especially those of the younger generations, ignore religious doctrines on issues such as premarital sex, sexual orientation, or contraception.

## Holidays in Spain

Public holidays celebrated in Spain include a mixture of religious (Roman Catholic), national and regional observances. Each municipality can have a maximum of 14 holidays per year; a maximum of nine are selected by the national government and at least two are selected locally.

If one of the "public holidays" takes place on a Sunday, regional governments - the Autonomous Community of Spain - can choose an alternative holiday or local authorities. In practice, with the exception of Sundays, regional governments can choose up to three holidays a year; or they can choose less to allow more options at the local level.

The Puente (bridge) is sometimes made between weekends and holidays that fall on Tuesdays or Thursdays. Puente then creates a long weekend.

Ceuta and Melilla, both autonomous cities of Spain, have declared the Muslim holiday of Eid al-Adha or the Feast of Sacrifice an official national holiday since 2010. It was the first time a non-Christian religious festival had been officially celebrated in Spain since the Reconquista

## Time in Spain

Spain has two time zones and observes daylight saving time. Spain mainly uses Central European Time +01: 00 GMT and Central European Summer Time +02: 00 GMT in Peninsular Spain, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, Melilla and plazas de soberanía. In the Canary Islands, the time zone is Western European Time 00:00 GMT and Western European Daylight Time +01: 00 GMT. Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March 01:00 GMT to the last Sunday in October 01:00 GMT throughout Spain.

Spain used Greenwich Mean Time ± 00: 00 UTC before World War II, with the exception of the Canary Islands, which used -01: 00 GMT before that date.

## Currency in Spain

The current currency since 2002 is the euro. The Spanish peseta (₧) was the official currency of Spain from 1869 until 1 January 2002. It circulated with the French franc in Andorra, which did not have its own national currency as legal tender.

### Prices in Spain

Prices Spain 2020 - Food, drinks, food and holidays in Spain

| Restaurants CZK                                 | EUR |
| ----------------------------------------------- | --- | --- |
| Grilled chicken 189                             | 7.4 |
| Meals in a better three - course restaurant 485 | 19  |
| Cheap Restaurant Food 255                       | 10  |
| Menu ve Fast Foodu                              | 204 | 8   |
| Mixed drink 153                                 | 6   |
| Ordinary dinner in a restaurant 255             | 10  |
| Imported beer - 0.33 l bottle 64                | 2.5 |
| Bread 500 g 26                                  | 1   |

## Interesting facts about Spain

Not all Spaniards are native speakers of (Castilian) Spanish. There are four official languages in Spain - Castilian, Catalan, Basque and Galician, three unofficial regional languages - Asturian, Aragonese and Aran and several other dialects.

- Spaniards have a completely different rhythm of life than other Europeans. They usually have lunch from 13:00 to 15:00 and dinner around 22:00.
- Spanish culture has greatly influenced modern art since the late 1800s, with artists such as Antoni Gaudí (Art Nouveau), Pablo Picasso (expressionism, cubism, surrealism), Joan Miró (surrealism) and Salvador Dali (surrealism).
- Flamenco is not really a dance; it is a musical style that sometimes dances in it.
- Every year, 58 million tourists travel to Spain, making it the fourth most visited country in the world.
- Spain is known for its live festivals, including San Fermín ("bull run") in Pamplona and Tomatina ("paradise battle") in Buñol.
- More than 150,000 tomatoes are usually thrown in La Tomatina.
- The official name of Spain is "Kingdom of Spain".
- The national anthem of Spain has no words.
- There are no laws on public nudity in Spain.
- 43% of world olive oil production is made in Spain.
- From 2008 to 2013, the Spanish national football team was named FIFA Team of the Year.
- Spain won its first football title at the 2010 World Cup, making it the 8th country to ever win.
- In Spain, the tooth fairy is just a rodent, known as Ratoncito Pérez.
- Our favorites of all the interesting facts about Spain - breaks, leisure and siestas are a huge part of everyday Spanish culture.
- Spain was the third most popular tourist destination in the world in 2013 (after France and the USA).
- Don Quixote, the famous book by the Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes in 1605, was selected by the panel of the best authors in 2002 as "the most important book of all time".
- Traditionally, you have two surnames in Spain - the first from your father and the second from your mother.
- Spaniards celebrate the New Year by eating one grape with their family for each bell clock.
- The pen is considered to have originated in Spain about 1,400 years ago.
- There are fewer marriages in Spain than in any other EU country except Sweden.
- Divorce rate in Spain is 17% (relatively low compared to more than 50% in the EU or US)



## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of emergency in Spain?**
Rescue service, fire brigade, police: 112

**Spain's area code is +34.**

**Contacts at the Embassy of the Czech Republic in Madrid:**

**Address:**

```txt
Embassy of the Czech Republic
Avenida Pío XII, 22-24, 28016 Madrid
```

Phone: +34 91 353 1897

Email: consulate_madrid@mzv.cz

Further contacts can be found at <https://www.mzv.cz/madrid>

Guide to Spain

1. Zermatt, Switzerland

Nestled at the foot of the iconic Matterhorn, Zermatt is a haven for winter sports enthusiasts and lovers of alpine luxury. With over 360 kilometers of ski slopes and breathtaking panoramic views, it’s easy to see why this Swiss gem is a favorite among travelers. Zermatt’s car-free charm, combined with its world-class restaurants and cozy chalets, offers a perfect blend of adventure and relaxation. Don’t miss the Gornergrat Railway, which takes you on an unforgettable journey to some of the most spectacular vistas in the Alps.

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2. Val d’Isère, France

Famous for its extensive ski area and vibrant après-ski scene, Val d’Isère is a true winter paradise. Part of the expansive Espace Killy, this resort boasts over 300 kilometers of pistes suitable for all skill levels. Beyond skiing, the charming alpine village atmosphere will captivate you with its rustic chalets, gourmet dining, and lively nightlife. Whether you’re carving down the slopes or enjoying a vin chaud by the fire, Val d’Isère promises a magical winter escape.

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3. Kitzbühel, Austria

Steeped in history and elegance, Kitzbühel is one of Austria’s most iconic winter destinations. Known for hosting the legendary Hahnenkamm downhill race, it’s a mecca for ski racing enthusiasts. But there’s more to this picturesque town than its thrilling slopes. Stroll through its cobblestone streets, explore boutique shops, or indulge in traditional Tyrolean cuisine. With its perfect blend of sport, culture, and scenic beauty, Kitzbühel is a winter retreat you’ll never forget.

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Ready to embark on your snowy adventure? Let Essens.travel handle all the details, from flights to accommodations, so you can focus on making memories in these enchanting winter wonderlands. Your perfect winter holiday is just a click away!

3 Winter Resorts for the Perfect Snowy Escape

## Northern region

The country is home to 1,700 species of birds, many exotic animals such as jaguars, cougars, capybaras, dolphins, monkeys, turtles and anacondas. The Amazon is located in the northern region, occupying almost 80% of Brazilian territory. Thousands of small rivers flow into the Amazon. The journey to the jungle begins in the two largest cities of Belém and Manaus.

## Northeast region

An area with a rich colonial history, beautiful beaches and folklore. The most famous beaches for the Czech Republic are in Fortaleza.

## Midwest region

Three ecological systems meet here - Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon Forest. Cerrado offers horse riding, rafting, canoeing. The Pantanal is a place for observing fauna. You can go on a safari trip or explore the capital of Brazil.

## Southeast region

It is the strongest economically, there are big cities like Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. Many tourists long for a while to stand under a statue of Christ, bathe in Copacabana or visit a sugar cane.

## Southern region

An area rich in Igaus Falls, Jesuit missions and good wine. The waterfalls are the most beautiful on our planet. Don't be afraid to visit them more than once. It will always surprise you with its diversity. Get yourself, for example, for the upcoming Summer Olympics.

## Our tip

Bonito is a natural paradise in the middle of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, which is famous for its ecotourism activities as well as the constant preservation of the region's fauna and flora. That is why, although Bonito is a tourism city, it is one of the best preserved places in Brazil.

The region surprises its visitors with its beautiful landscape, crystal clear rivers, freshwater baths, waterfalls, caves, caverns and abysses. All this with a magical complement: a rich animal life, composed mainly of aquatic species such as fish and alligators, as well as various species of birds.

Brazil is located in the southern hemisphere, so expect a reversal of the seasons - the warmest is here in January, the coldest month is August. The equatorial region around the Amazon has a warm climate all year round. The best months to visit Brazil are November and December, when the most beautiful nature is here (similar to our spring), so this is the best time to go on a beautiful holiday right now.

## Frequently Asked Questions about Holidays in Brazil

Brazil - unlimited possibilities of cognition

Definitely and above all you must not miss the beach in Nilaveli, which is located a few kilometers from the town of Trincomale on the northeast coast of the island. In addition, if you love diving and snorkeling, here are some of the best conditions on the island. In addition, you can take a trip to the national park on Pigeon Island, where you can enjoy amazing snorkeling, if you are lucky, you will also see baby sharks.

Approximately in the middle of the east coast of the island you have the opportunity to visit one of the most luxurious bays in Sri Lanka - Kaldukah. Many new luxury hotels offer the most exclusive services even for very demanding holidaymakers. You can walk a short walk along the beach to the deserted turquoise lagoons with boulders. The place is also suitable for diving and snorkeling, but the corals are largely damaged here.

Arugam Bay - a mecca for surfers, don't miss it if you are a fan of this sport or you are just starting to surf. Although the season here starts in April, so definitely come back here in the high season! On the beach you will also find a lot of surf rentals and training schools for surfers.

Wild scenery of beautiful coastlines can be found on the beach in Yala National Park. The beaches are very wild in most places and there are strong currents, so swimming is not recommended on these beaches. Therefore, find a nice place among the rocks, where you can comfortably relax in one of the natural pools.

Sri Lanka offers a wide range of accommodation, from the cheapest rooms to luxury apartments, but they are still affordable for everyone.

In our online search engine you can choose the quality [accommodation](/hotels) that will suit you.

A forgotten beach not far from Matara is Tallala Beach. This beach will be loved by those who love jumping in the waves.

Enjoy and experience an exclusive exotic Christmas.

Unwrap Christmas presents on the beach

Italy is a country full of historical monuments, beautiful and sunny beaches, as well as excellent food and wine.

## Basic information

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Italy is the country with the highest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

UNESCO monuments

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Year

The official currency in Italy is the euro

Tickets from 40 GBP

## Why go to Italy

Italy is one of the few countries where you can choose for any kind of holiday, whether for history and culture to places like Rome, Naples, Florence or Venice. Or behind the sun and beautiful beaches such as Calabria, Sicily or Sardinia.

And we must not forget the popular ski resorts in the Italian Alps, such as Livigno, Sella Ronda, Cortina D'Ampezzo or Alta Badia.

## The capital of Italy

The capital of Italy is Rome with a population of 2,844,395 - data from 30/11/2019 source: Istat - and an area of 1287.36 km2. In terms of population, it is the most populous city in Italy and the third in the European Union, after Berlin and Madrid.

Rome is also the capital of the Lazio region and the seat of the Roman Catholic Church, the Vatican. It is often called Città eterna, which means "eternal city". Rome as a city has a very long history, which began as early as 753 BC founding and has managed to survive to this day.

Just out of curiosity... did you know that from 1861 to 1864, the capital of the newly founded Italian Kingdom was the city of Turin?

## Flag of Italy

The Italian flag, colloquially called tricolor, was created on January 7, 1797 and consists of three vertical stripes of green, white and red. It was inspired by the French flag and was first used by the Italian contingent of Napoleon's army.

In Italy, on 7 January each year, "National Flag Day" or "Tricolor Day" is also celebrated. The official celebrations take place in the city of Reggio Emília, where the tricolor was first officially adopted by the Italian State.

The official shades are: meadow green, milky white and tomato red.

## Population of Italy

According to the ISTAT (Italian Statistical Office), the population of Italy as of January 1, 2020 was 60,317,000, of which 8.9% were foreigners resident in the Italian Republic. With this number, Italy ranks 3rd in the European Union in terms of population.

The population density is 200.71 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is higher than the European average.

## Holidays in Italy

State and church holidays (non-working days):

- January 1 - New Year "Capodanno"
- January 6 - Three Kings "Epiphany"
- Easter Monday (moving holiday) "Pasquetta"
- April 25 - Liberation Day "Festa della Liberazione"
- May 1 - Labor Day - Festa del Lavoro
- June 2 - Anniversary of the founding of the Italian Republic "Festa della Repubblica"
- August 15 - Assumption of the Virgin Mary "Ferragosto"
- November 1 - All Saints' Day "Tutti i santi"
- December 8 - Immaculate Conception "Immacolata Concezione"
- December 25 - First Christmas - Christmas - "Natale"
- December 26 - Second Christmas - Sv. Stephen's "Santo Stefano"

In Italy, in addition to church and state holidays, each city also celebrates its patron (city). For example, the capital, Rome celebrates June 29, St. Peter and Paul's Day.

## Coat of arms of Italy

The Italian coat of arms in its current form was approved on May 5, 1948.

However, its history began as early as 1946, when the government decided to set up a commission to create the coat of arms of the newborn Italian Republic and to replace the already obsolete coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy.

The commission was chaired by Ivanoe Bonomi, who decided to launch a national competition open to all citizens. The theme of the next emblem was loose with a few restrictions on the proposals: an absolute ban on the use of political party symbols and the obligation to use the Italian star. The price of 10,000 lire (GBP 5) was offered for the 5 best designs.

341 candidates applied for the competition, presenting 637 proposals. The five winning authors were given the task of creating another 5 proposals, from which one proposal was to be selected in the end.

The winner of the audition was Paolo Paschetto, who was to design the final version of the emblem and receive another prize of 50,000 lire. Subsequently, the commission sent the plan to the government for approval, but the government eventually rejected it. So a second commission was set up, chaired by Giovanni Conte, which announced a second audition via radio. This time, elements related to the idea of work were preferred. In the end, Paolo Paschetto became the winner again and his new proposal was approved by the government and also by the President of the Italian Republic.

## Currency in Italy

The official currency in Italy is the euro. An exception is the exclave of the Campione d'Italia in the Alps - surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino, where the Swiss franc pays.

By the way, from January 1, 2018, the Italian Mint stopped minting coins worth one and two euro cents, and in stores it is rounded to the nearest five cents.

### Prices in Italy

In Italy, prices are cheaper in most places than in England. When it comes to food, it pays to shop at large retail chains, where prices are much lower than at smaller local stores.

Food prices in supermarkets:

- Bread - € 1.50 - 3.00 (GBP 1.30 - 2.60)
- Pasta 500g € 0.60 - 2.00 (GBP 0.50 - 1.80)
- Voda 1.5l € 0.19 - 0.50 (GBP 0.17 - 0.45)
- Mozzarella € 0,80 - 1,60 (GBP 0.70 - 1.40)
- Milk € 0.80 - 1.20 (GBP 0.70 - 1.10)
- Pivo 0,5l € 0.80 - 1,80 (GBP 0.70- 1.50)
- Wine 0.75l € 2.50 - 5.00 (GBP 2.23 - 4.46)
- Pepsi / Coca cola 1,5l € 1,00 - 1,50 (GBP 0.90 - 1.34)

Prices in restaurants and bars:

- Ice cream € 1.50 - 3.00 (GBP 1.34 - 2.68)
- Espresso € 0,75 - € 1,10 (GBP 0.67 - 0.98)
- Cappuccino € 1,20 - 1,50 (GBP 1.07 - 1.34)
- Tapped beer 0.50L € 4.50 - 5.50 (GBP 4.00 - 4.90)
- Wine 0,5l € 3,50 - 6,00 (GBP 3.12 - 5.35)
- Water bottle 0.33l € 0.90 - 1.50 (GBP 0.80 - 1.34)
- Pepsi / Coca cola 0,2l € 2,00 - 2,50 (GBP 1.80 - 2.20)
- Pizza € 6,00 - 9,00 (GBP 5.35 - 8.00)
- Main course (Fish) € 12.50 - 19.50 (GBP 11.15 - 17.40)
- Main course (Meat) € 8.50 - 14.50 (GBP 7.60 - 12.90)
- Main course (Pasta) € 6.50 - 9.00 (GBP 5.80 - 8.00)

Fuel and transport prices:

- Petrol € 1.50 - 1.70 (GBP 1.34 - 1.52)
- Kerosene € 1.30 - 1.50 (GBP 1.16 - 1.34)
- Motorway € 0.07 - 0.90 (GBP 0.62 - 0.80)
- Taxi 1km € 1.50 - 3.00 (GBP 1.34 - 2.68) + boarding € 4.00 - 8.00 (GBP 3.60 - 7.20)
- Public transport € 1.30 - 2.00 (GBP 1.16 - 1.78)
- Baguette / sandwich € 4.00 - 6.00 (GBP 3.60 - 3.35)

Be careful when refueling, because in Italy a different price applies for fuel if you refuel yourself and a different price if you are refueled by a petrol employee. If your employee is refueling, the difference in price can be € 0.30 per liter.

In Italy, for a motorway, you pay for kilometers driven in the same way as in Croatia.

Did you know that it is customary in Italian restaurants to charge for service automatically in your account? It is a so-called "place setting" fee, Italian coperto, and is paid per person. This fee is usually around € 1.00 to € 3.00 and is multiplied by the number of people at the table. But even so, it is customary to leave some extra tips.

## Interesting facts about Italy

Italy is an exceptional destination and has a lot to offer tourists. Here are some interesting facts about this country:

Italy, along with China, are the two countries with the highest number of UNESCO World Heritage sites. He currently has 55.

The oldest still active university in Europe, the Università degli Studi di Bologna, is located here. The University of Bologna was founded in 1088 and is currently the most prestigious university in Italy.

Italy is the largest wine producer in the world and annually produces an average of up to 24 million hectoliters of wine. The wine sector employs around 1.3 million people and generates an annual turnover of 11 billion euros.

There is the oldest tree in Europe. Pine trees named Italus were discovered by scientists in Pollino National Park. Using the radiocarbon method, they determined her age to be 1230 years. Interestingly, in the area where it grows, they have found thousands of other pines aged 500 to 600 years.

There are two sovereign states in Italy. One is the Republic of San Marino, which was founded around 301 and is both the oldest and smallest republic in the world. The second is the Vatican, also called the Vatican City State. According to the Basic Law of the State of 1929, it is a theocratic monarchy headed by the Pope of Rome.

In Italy you will find the smallest restaurant in the world, more precisely in the town of Vacone in the district of Rieti. Its name is Solo per due, which means only two for translation. It is a small restaurant with only one table.

## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of emergency in Italy?**

- Fire brigade 115
- Assistance to motorists - towing service 116
- Police 113
- First aid 118
- Carabinieri 112
- Coast Guard 1530

**Italy's area code is +39.**

**Contacts at the British Embassy Rome:**

**Address:**

```txt
Via XX Settembre 80/a
00187 Rome
Italy
```

Phone: +39 06 4220 0001

Email: RomeCommEnq@fco.gov.uk

Further contacts can be found at <https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-rome>

Guide to Italy

sun.svg

The bathing season is here until mid-October, the water temperature is around 20 ° C.

The best dates are from the beginning of March to September or October

Summer stays

The exchange rate is around 0,9 GBP for 1 euro

Tickets from 33 GBP

## Why go to France

France is visited annually by approximately 70 million tourists from all over the world, as it is one of the most visited countries in the world. This is no wonder, because France offers many different reasons to visit. From beautiful nature through sand dunes, sea waves suitable for surfing, lovers of culture and history will also enjoy themselves here, and most importantly you will taste the real French cuisine that the whole world desires. One of the most visited places in France is also the highest mountain Mont Blanc, from where we offer a beautiful view of the surrounding countryside. Families with children, young couples, the elderly go to France, in short, it is suitable for all ages and you will place this place among your favorite destinations.

## The capital of France

The capital Paris or the most romantic place in Europe. Paris is the capital not only of France, but also the capital of fashion and the metropolis of love. Paris has its charm and many women leave the city with a ring on their left hand. YES, many couples get engaged here, most often asking for hands at the Palais de Chaillot and Martova Pole or during a romantic evening cruise on the river Seine.

- Paris boasts more than 1,800 monuments, 170 museums, half a million trees and a few replicas of the Statue of Liberty.
- Paris is a major world cultural, commercial and political center.

The city is divided by the river Seine on the left and right banks. The city also includes the three islands Île de la Cité, Île Saint-Louis and the artificial island Île aux Cygnes.

## Flag of France

The national flag of France has the form of a vertical tricolor composed of a blue, white and red stripe. The white color follows the traditional white royal flag, red and blue are the colors of Paris, which form the city flag. The roots of the French flag go back to the French Revolution. It was officially recognized as the national symbol of France in 1790 .. During the revolution of 1848, the red flag was used on the barricades. Subsequently, the tricolor was adopted as the national flag.

## Population

France's population is around 65,072,000, including overseas territories. According to estimates, France will have about 70,608,998 inhabitants in 2050, but it will not surpass Germany.

Approximately 51 million (85%) Caucasians of European descent, 6 million (10%) people from North Africa, 2 million (3.5%) blacks and 1 million (1.5%) people of Asian descent, including all generations, live in France. with immigrant origin.

By law of 1872, France forbids distinguishing between its citizens on the basis of race or religion during the census.

## Holidays in France

Public holidays in France are usually accompanied by military parades and fireworks over the Eiffel Tower.

- January 1 New Year - one of the biggest celebrations of the year
- Easter Monday (moving date) - During Easter, there are many different events, especially for children looking for eggs either in the garden or in the park. Disneyland Paris also offers a children's program. Then begins the great pilgrimage of the Foire du Trone in the Vincennes Forest. Impressive and unforgettable Masses are held in the churches, and one of the most visited is the Mass in Notre Dame Cathedral.
- May 8 Victory Day - every year the President of the Republic lays a flower on the grave under the Arc de Triomphe and revives an eternal fire in honor of an unknown soldier. Most monuments and museums are open on this day, only at the Arc de Triomphe is with restrictions.
- Ascension Day 39 days after Easter - Shops are closed, monuments are usually open
- Whit Monday - 50 days after Easter - this holiday is celebrated by the locals in their own way, mostly enjoying a picnic in the park or in the gardens. Shops are closed, some museums offer free admission this day.
- July 14 Celebrations of the fall of the Bastille - these are the most spectacular celebrations of France on the anniversary of the beginning of the Great French Revolution and the fall of the fortress of the Bastille. In this story you will see on the Champs-Elysées one of the largest parades in the world accompanied by firefighters and soldiers. He performs acrobatic flights in the sky, which draws a tricolor on the sky of Paris. There is fireworks over the Eiffel Tower in the evening.
- August 15 Assumption - Impressive Masses are held again at Notre Dame Cathedral
- November 1 Feast of All Saints
- November 11 Armistice - celebration of the end of the First World War. The museums are war-oriented and in many places you will see the French tricolor.
- December 25 Christmas - a visit to France during Advent and the Advent holidays offers the most magical experiences and memories. You will enjoy the Christmas atmosphere the most at the Advent markets on the Champs-Elyséée, but prepare in advance for large crowds. On this day, most museums and monuments are closed to the public.

## Coat of arms of France

The coat of arms of France as an official symbol of the state does not currently exist. The only official symbol of the state is the tricolor. But, for example, an unofficial coat of arms can be seen on French consulates and passports. This "emblem" has been an unofficial symbol of France since 1953, although it has no legal status as an official emblem. It appears on the cover of French passports and was originally accepted by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a symbol for the use of diplomatic and consular missions in 1912 using a design by sculptor Jules-Clément Kaplanen. This Coat of arms is more of an emblem, as it does not respect heraldic rules.

The emblem consists of the following parts:

- Wide shield - at one end a lion's head and at the other an eagle's head, bearing the monogram "RF".
- Laurel twig
- Oak branches - symbolizing wisdom.
- Fasces - a symbol associated with the judiciary.

## Currency in France

In France, as in many European countries, you pay in euros.

Here we stumble upon similar prices in all areas as in England. Whether it’s a shopping in the store or when we visit a restaurant.

Tipping is usually already included in the price. If you were satisfied, you can add another 10%. Tipping is also expected by a taxi driver or hotel staff.

### Prices in France

Approximate prices (converted to GBP):

|                                                               | Quantity Price in GBP EUR |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- | --- | --- |
| Bottle of wine 0.75l                                          | 4.9                       | 5.5 |
| Local beer from the shop 0.5l                                 | 1.6                       | 1.8 |
| Food in a cheaper restaurant 1 person 13                      | 15                        |
| Three - course menu in a mid - level restaurant 1 person 22.2 | 25                        |
| Beer in a restaurant 0.5l                                     | 4.9                       | 5.5 |
| Cappuccino                                                    |                           | 3   | 3.4 |
| Coca Cola                                                     | 0.33l                     | 3   | 3.4 |
| Water 0.33l                                                   | 2.2                       | 2.5 |

Undoubtedly one of the most beautiful and most visited places in France is mont Saint-Michel. It is a small island on the Normandy coast, which offers a truly breathtaking spectacle. The extremely strong tides in the bay of Baie du Mont Saint Michel can be used as a natural defense. Water is still rising and falling depending on the lunar calendar. A bridge was built between the mainland and the island in 2014. At high tide, the water always cut off the island. And at low tide the sea was so far away that it could not be seen with the naked eye.

## Farms where snails graze

There are currently around two hundred snail farms in France. Up to fifteen species of snails of the genus Helix are bred on them. The most delicious is the garden or speckled snail, but they are rarely bred on farms, because carcass sizes do not grow until three years later. That is why you will most often come across farms focused on African snails, which weigh the required 10 g in just three months, when they can already reproduce. You can also find it under the name snail caviar, because it produces larger eggs, used for caviar. Breeding takes place in buildings with artificially maintained microclimate, tunnel houses and greenhouses and outdoors. Soil quality is especially important for the proper development of the snail, ie slightly calcareous soil with 80% humidity and more than 80% air humidity at an ideal temperature of 15 to 25 ° C. If the snail is exposed to too cold or too hot, it will retract into his house where no one can access it.

Opponents of snails argue that snails evoke a similar aversion to them as mushrooms. Yes - snails and mushrooms have only one leg. But this is the end of the similarity. The flesh of the snail is very soft, reminiscent of something between mussels and harder beef. Gourmets who love it, eat the snail liver and the smallest caviar in addition to the muscular legs.

## Toulouse

The French call Toulouse a pink city. But it could also rightly be called purple after the ubiquitous violets.

Toulouse is the fourth largest city in France, its streets are full of young people, because there is one of the largest universities in France, which is also one of the oldest in Europe. They meet here in front of the gigantic brick palace Capitole, the seat of city councilors, with a history dating back to the 12th century. Its construction, like many other houses, is made of flat Toulouse brick, the typical color of which gave the town the nickname Pink City. It was made of clay from the bottom of the Garonne River.

## Interesting facts about France

The guillotine, digital calculator, hot air balloon and Braille come from France.

France is setting fashion trends for the whole world.

The shortest reign was only minutes of King Louis XIX of France. He abdicated his throne in favor of his nephew.

Since 1634, the French Academy has been protecting French from foreign words such as: e-mail, hashtag, blog, etc.

France holds the most Nobel Prizes in literature.

The average Frenchman eats up to 500 snails a year.

In every city in France, there is a street named after Victor Hugo.

## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of emergency in France?**

Rescue service, fire brigade, police: 112

**The telephone code for France is +331.**

**Contacts at the Embassy of the United Kingdom in France:**

**Address:**

```txt
Embassy of the United Kingdom
35 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré, 75008 Paris,
```

Phone: +33 1 44 51 31 00

Email: france.enquiries@fcdo.gov.uk.

Further contacts can be found at <https://www.gov.uk/world/france>

## Thanks

Fotografie od [Augustina de Montesquiou](https://unsplash.com/@augustindem?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText), [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/mbeATPzFazg?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink)

Guide to France

The weather is suitable for travel all year round

dollar.svg

Australian Dollar

Tickets from CZK 26,000

## Why Australia

Whether you are looking for an escape from the city, a unique cultural experience, adrenaline fun, contact with natural or social events, you will find everything in Australia.

Only the east coast stretches gigantic 4 thousand km from Melbourne to Cairns and it would take you about 50 hours of continuous driving to cross the coast. Australia is home to more than 10,685 beaches, more than 500 national parks and 8,222 islands.

## The capital of Australia

Canberra is the federal capital of the Australian Commonwealth. It occupies part of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), in southeastern Australia, and is about 150 miles (240 km) southwest of Sydney.

## Flag of Australia

It has the shape of a blue rectangle, at the left corner is located Union Jack - a symbol of Great Britain - reminiscent of Australia's ties to the British settlement. At the bottom left is a seven-pointed star, called the Federation Star. Their six points symbolize six federal states, the seventh being common to two independent federal territories. The right half of the flag shows the constellation of the Southern Cross, which is often associated with its brightest Australian star, Acrux.

## Population of Australia

- Australia's current population is 25,513,510 on Sunday, July 19, 2020, based on the latest UN global data.
- According to the UN data from 2020, the population of Australia is estimated at 25,499,884 people.
- The population of Australia corresponds to 0.33% of the total world population.
- Australia ranks 55th in the list of all countries around the world by population.
- The population density in Australia is 3 per km2 (9 people per mi2).
- The total land area is 7,682,300 km2 (2,966,155 km2)
- 85.9% of the population lives in cities (21,903,705 people in 2020)
- The average age in Australia is 37.9.

## Holidays in Australia

- January 1, New Year
- January 27, Australia Day
- April 2, Good Friday
- Easter Sunday and Monday
- April 25, Anzac Day
- May 4, May Day
- 8. červen, Queen's Birthday
- August 3, Picnic Day
- December 24, Christmas Eve
- December 25, Christmas Day
- December 28, Boxing Day
- December 31, New Year's Eve

## Emblem of Australia

The Emblem of Australia, officially called the Emblem of the Commonwealth, is the formal symbol of the Australian Commonwealth. The shield, depicting the symbols of the six Australian states, is held by Aboriginal Australian animals, a kangaroo and an emu. The seven-pointed Commonwealth Star crossing the ridge also represents states and territories, while floral emblems appear under the shield.

The first weapons were approved by King Edward VII on May 7, 1908, and the current version by King George V on September 19, 1912, although the 1908 version was still used in some contexts, such as the reverse of a six-pence coin.

## Time zones

Australia as a continent is divided into 3 time zones. Although the practically unusable standardized Australian time exists, three time zones are actually used - Western, Central and Eastern.

The city of Sydney is located in Eastern Standard Time with the aforementioned UTC time offset of +16 hours. Therefore, if the time in New York is 6:00, then the time in Sydney is 22:00 at the same time.

Only some areas of Australia experience a change of time between summer and winter. Sydney is one of the places where this change takes place twice a year. The transition from winter to winter time is on the first Sunday in October, back to summer time always takes place on the first Sunday in April.

## States of Australia

The division of states and territories of Australia is the second level of government in Australia, alongside the federal government and local governments. States and territories are self-governing regions with local legislators, police forces and some civilian authorities and are represented in the Australian Parliament. However, unlike states, territories rely on the functioning of federal legislation and other financial contributions and have smaller representation in the Senate.

There are six states of Australia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia and three internal territories: the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), the Northern Territory and the Jervis Bay Territory. There are a total of ten territories in Australia, with the inner territory being on the Australian mainland and the outer territory being a sovereign territory at sea. Each state and internal territory, with the exception of Jervis Bay, has its own executive government, legislative branch, and judicial system. The outer territories of Australia are: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Australian Antarctic Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands and Norfolk Island.

## Currency of Australia

The Australian national currency is the Australian Dollar (AUD), which comes in denominations of AUD 5, 10, 20, 20, 50 and 100. The coins come in 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents and one and two dollar denominations.

## Prices in Australia

Food prices roughly correspond to our prices. We can buy sliced white bread for AUD 1.10, milk around 1.30 per liter.

Iceberg lettuce costs USD 1.60. Grapes does AUD 3, bananas AUD 1.80, apples AUD 2 and tangerines AUD 3.

The whole chicken costs around AUD 4.80, a kilogram package of fish fingers costs AUD 4, we get sausages around AUD 2 per kilogram.

We buy a quarter-kilo pack of coffee for less than AUD 10, and a pack of cigarettes as well. We can get a liter of gasoline for as little as AUD 1.
Supermarkets are a good choice where to shop. There are several chains, such as Aldi, Woolworths (Safeway), Coles and BI-LO.

## Visa to Australia

More information can be found at: <https://www.mzv.cz/jnp/cz/encyklopedie_statu/australie_a_oceanie/australie/cestovani/visa.html>

## Security in Australia

Australia's response to terrorism is based on strong and cooperative relations between the Australian government and states and territories.

The Australian National Security Agencies have well-defined responsibilities and powers to detect, prevent and respond to terrorist acts in Australia. Terrorist incidents involving Australian interests outside Australia are primarily dealt with by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

The roles and responsibilities of the Australian National Agencies and Security Authorities are set out below.

Australian Government:

- maintains counter-terrorism capabilities and national coordination measures within its agencies (see below)
- Maintains national policies, legislation and plans
- sets out Australian prevention strategies and operational response to threats
- supports states and territories in responding to terrorist situations in their jurisdictions
- may, if justified by the nature of the incident, and with the consent of the affected States and territories, declare a national terrorist situation. In a situation as such, \* the Australian Government would set policies and broad strategies in close consultation with the affected states or territories.

## Interesting facts about Australia

- Melbourne was the capital of Australia for 26 years between 1901 and 1927, before the capital moved to Canberry.
- There are three times as many sheep in Australia as there are humans.
- The Australian Emu - a large, flightless bird - can run at 45 km / h (28 mph).
- Platypus - is very poisonous and has enough poison to kill a dog or seriously injure a human.
- Wombata feces have a cube shape!
- The Jellyfish Box - located in the waters of the Great Barrier Reef - is responsible for causing more deaths than snakes, sharks and saltwater crocodiles.
- Two indigenous Australian animals, Platypus and Echidnas, are the only two mammals in the world that lay eggs.
- Koalas sleep about 20 hours a day.
- Tasmanian devils have the strongest bite on the body size of any mammal.
- There are 4 different species of kangaroos in Australia, the largest being the red kangaroo. The largest Big Red ever was 2.1 m tall (6 feet 9 inches) and weighed 91 kg (200 lb)!
- The jump recorded of the kangaroo is an incredible 9 meters (30 feet) for a single one!
- The Australian Thorny Devil is one of the longest living lizards of its size in the world with a lifespan of up to 20 years.
- The kangaroo and emu were chosen as two animals on the Australian emblem because they cannot walk backwards, reflecting a culture of thought.
- 17 types of the most venomous snakes in the world are found in Australia.
- There are about 1,500 species of spiders, 4,000 species of ants and 350 species of termites in Australia.
- While kangaroos are considered a national icon, with an estimated over 40 million kangaroos across the country, they can also be considered pests in some localities and are sometimes killed.
- Australia has a larger camel population than Egypt.

## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of an emergency in Australia?**

Rescue service, fire brigade, police: 000

**The area code for Australia is +61.**

**Contacts at the Bristish High Commission Canberra:**

**Address:**

British High Commission Canberra
Commonwealth Avenue, Yarralumla
Canberra ACT 2600, Australia

Phone: +61 (0)2 6270 6666

Email: australia.enquiries@fcdo.gov.uk

Further contacts can be found at <https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-canberra>

**Contacts at the Embassy of the US in Canberra:**

**Address:**

U.S. Embassy in Australia
Moonah Place, Yarralumla, ACT 2600

Phone: (02) 6214-5600

Email: AskEmbassyCanberra@state.gov

Further contacts can be found at <https://au.usembassy.gov/>

Guide to Australia

## Basic information about Cuba



## Why go to Cuba

There are two ways to visit Cuba. The first is adventurous travel with only a backpack and the second is to stay in one of the inexhaustible number of more or less luxurious hotels. Traveling with a backpack has the advantages of seeing Cuba differently, experiencing local customs, getting to know the Cubans and seeing less touristy places. But if you are traveling for luxury and comfort, use the services of hotels. Whatever you decide to travel to Cuba, this country, known for its cigars and rum, cannot bore or disappoint you.

## The capital of Cuba

The capital of Cuba is Havana (La Habana) with more than 2.2 million inhabitants. The total area of Havana is 720 km2 and the banks of this city are washed by a warm Gulf Stream. Havana is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is the most visited city in the Caribbean. The symbol of the city is a lighthouse with a shiny metal dome. Two fortresses used to protect the city from pirates - El Morro y San Salvador, which are located behind the lighthouse.

## Flag of Cuba

The flag of Cuba, also known as "La Estrella Solitaria", was created in 1850. The flag indicates great simplicity and is displayed in three colors (red, blue and white) in perfect harmony. It consists of three blue stripes, which represent the compartments in which the island was divided at that time; two white stripes symbolizing the power of the ideal of independence; and the red triangle, which symbolizes equality, freedom, and brotherhood; in the center of which is a lone star, with five points, as a symbol of absolute freedom among other nations.

flymetocuba.jpg

## Population of Cuba

The current population in Cuba is 11,328,214. The population density in Cuba is 106 inhabitants per km2. The average age is 42.2 years. Cuba ranks 83rd in the world in terms of population. The most numerous ethnic component consists of Mulati (51%), 37% White (especially Spaniards). The rest are blacks and Chinese.

## Holidays in Cuba

The Republic of Cuba has a calendar of holidays divided throughout the year. Officially, Cuba has five official holidays and many other national holidays. During these days, most official institutions and public institutions, such as banks, will remain closed.

date, holiday

- January 1: Liberation Day
- May 1: Labor Day
- July 26: National Uprising Day, along with 25 and 27 of the same month
- October 10: Anniversary of the beginning of the War of Independence in 1868.
- December 25: Christmas

## Sign of Cuba

The original Cuban coat of arms, also known as the La Palma Real coat of arms, was created in 1849. However, the current version is somewhat different, as some elements it contained have been removed because they may have been associated with ideologies that contradict those that were desirable at the time.

## Time in Cuba

Time zone: GMT - 6, which means that the time shift to London is -5 hours during winter and summer time. However, the time does not change on the same date as in England, so for a limited time (usually two weeks in spring and two in autumn) the difference is usually only -4 hours.

## Currency of Cuba

Cuba has a dual economy. The official currencies in Cuba are the Cuban Pesos (CUP) and the Cuban Convertible Pesos (CUC). It is theoretically assumed that tourists can only use convertible pesos (CUC), but in practice there is nothing to prevent them from visiting Cadeca (exchange offices) and exchanging convertible pesos for Cuban Pesos with an approximate exchange rate of about 25 Pesos for a convertible peso. 1CUC =0.759004 GBP but it is always good to check the current exchange rate, for example here: <https://https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=CUC&To=GBP> It is important to mention that exchanging US dollars for convertible pesos are taxed at 10%; while the change to other currencies, such as euros, pounds or Canadian dollars, is without this tax.

Although the Cuban economy works mainly with cash, credit and debit cards are accepted and you can pay with them at resorts and ATMs. The most common are Visa and Mastercard. Cards issued by US banks are not accepted in Cuba.

**Tip: If you plan to experience a real Cuba, we recommend that you exchange and always have the local menu (CUP) with you. Not only will your holiday be significantly cheaper, as you can only pay in local currency in local shops. But it will also force you to visit local businesses, buy fruit in small street stalls and especially talk to the locals. Of course, to get the local currency, you will need some knowledge of Spanish, but you will definitely not experience authentic Cuba without CUPs in your wallet.**

## Prices in Cuba

Prices for tourists in Cuba are lower compared to Europe but also compared to other countries in South America and the Caribbean. In general, prices in tourist areas are higher, as business has grown in Cuba in recent years. However, if you try to pay in their national currency and use their local stores, prices in Cuba will be very low.

- water 0,33l bottle 0.94CUC
- Water 1.5L - 1.5CUC
- Coca-Cola / Pepsi (33cl bottle) 1.66 CUC
- Cappuccino coffee 1.77 CUC
- Imported beer (33cl bottle) 2.00 CUC
- National beer (0.5 liter) 1.50 CUC
- Havana Rum 3 years 1l - 5CUC
- Mojito 2 CUC
- Lunch for two in the a la carte restaurant (two courses and dessert) 30.00 CUC
- Meals in a cheap restaurant (daily menu) 4- 6.00 CUC
- Food at stand 1-2 CUC
- Accommodation in casa particular 20-30 CUC / room
- Accommodation in hotel 40-70CUC

## Visa to Cuba

Bilateral visa application applies. To the citizens of England - for the purpose of tourism, the so-called tourist card (tarjeta del turista) is enough. If you are travelling from another country to Cuba, we recommend contacting a tourist agency or airline, which provides these cards in many countries. The tourist card is valid for 30 days of stay. For purposes other than tourism, visas are required to apply to the Embassy of Cuba. Upon entry, it is necessary to prove with a valid health insurance and a return ticket.

### Extension of stay

The stay with a tourist card can be extended for another 30 days at the immigration office in Havana as well as in other capitals of the provinces of Cuba. Confirmation of accommodation must be submitted with the application.

## Interesting facts about Cuba

- Cuba is the largest island of all the islands in the Caribbean.
- From the air, the island resembles a crocodile
- In 1492, Columbus arrived in Cuba and declared it Spanish territory
- Cuba remained under Spanish rule until the Spanish-American War in 1898, when the country became part of the United States.
- In 1902, however, it gained independence
- The United States had great influence over the island until 1959, when communist revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro took the lead.
- The country is now one of the four self-proclaimed communist states in the world, although Castro himself withdrew in 2008 due to health complications.
- Cuba is known for its music, musicians play everywhere on the streets of Havana
- Sugar grown from sugar cane is the main crop grown in Cuba, followed by tobacco used to make cigars by hand.

## Vaccination

No vaccination is mandatory in Cuba. When traveling to Cuba, standard vaccinations are recommended. For longer stays, it is advisable to check with the Department of Exotic Diseases at the relevant local hospital about the possible need for vaccination against dengue fever and tropical viral infections.

## Security

There are no known serious security risks in Cuba, but there are petty thefts, especially in tourist-frequented places (crowded discos, etc.).

Cuba is a very safe place for the whole family. Children can travel to Cuba without any problems; and women can walk the streets alone with complete freedom and confidence.

## Important contacts

### Where to call in an emergency in Cuba

Emergency line: 106 Police: 106, 867 7777 Fire brigade: 105 First aid: 83+ 1185, 831 2185, 201 2811-4

**Cuba Phone Code +53.**

**Contacts at The British Embassy in Havana:**

Phone: +537 214 2200

Further contacts can be found on the website: <https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-havana>

Guide to Cuba

The most favorable weather is the summer months.

May to September

Króna

Ticket

## The capital of Iceland

The wild and volcanically active nature will captivate you upon arrival in the capital Reykjavík. Before landing the plane, looking at the smoldering geysers, desolate plains and apocalyptic-looking landscape, you will think that you are at the end of the world. But the opposite is true, because in Iceland you will definitely experience more than less adventures and experiences that you would hardly come across anywhere else.

Reykjavík has a population of 129,000 and is the largest and most populous city on the island. Up to two thirds of the entire population of the island live here. Due to the location of the island, you can enjoy continuous light in the summer months, while in winter it is only four hours of light a day. Thanks to the bright summer days, the island is famous for its nightlife, it also has a special word for these alcoholic nights: RUNTUR.

## Flag of Iceland

Red, white lined cross, on blue canvas - this is the flag of the island. The blue color is supposed to symbolize the sea and the sky, while white is intended to symbolize geysers, glaciers and snow. Iceland's relationship to the other Scandinavian countries, especially Denmark, which Iceland has ruled since the 14th century, is illustrated by a red cross.

## Population of Iceland

The inhabitants of the land of fire and ice are descendants of Norwegian settlers and Celts, and at first they may seem like grumblers, but in the end you will fall in love with the Icelandic nature, because the people here are peaceful and kind. Maybe that's why Icelanders live to a very old age (81.1 years). An old Icelandic proverb says that: "Everyone wants to live long, but no one wants to be old!" And this is exactly the definition that he honors at any age in his quiet life, and we Europeans should learn this skill from them.

In 2020, 364,000 people live in Iceland, up to 93% of whom are descendants of Norwegian and Celtic settlers.

## Holidays in Iceland

As with us, January 1 falls on a day of rest after the New Year's celebrations.

During February, Icelanders celebrate Porrablót - in earlier times, people met for dinner and recited poems in honor of the god Porr. Even today, people gather for dinner, but they discuss all the news from their lives.

The end of February to the beginning of March are the holidays that precede the Easter fast, divided into three days:

- Monday is Bolludagur - the holiday is mainly enjoyed by children. According to tradition, they receive a so-called bollur from their parents, which is such a donut, only \* slightly larger and filled with jam or caramel icecream.
- Sprengidagur - carnival. Icelanders consume large amounts of mutton and as a side dish of peas.
- And the last one is öskudagur - it comes out on Ash Wednesday, when children go from house to house, singing and caroling.

March - April - Easter Páskar - locals enjoy mainly working holidays and spend time with their families.

The first Thursday after April 18 - the first summer day of Sumardagurinn fyrsti. The old Nordic calendar used to modify only two seasons. Even on this day, the locals enjoy the holidays. They meet in squares and centers and celebrate. They mainly consume ice cream, because the weather is nice.

The first weekend in June - Sjómannadagurinn sailors' days. Various events take place, mainly in ports, as the sea is celebrated, providing livelihoods for many people. Exhibitions, boat trips, sailing races, seafood tastings.

June 17 - Independence Day, celebration of the birth of Jon Sigurðsson (representative of the independence movement) - Great holiday, huge national celebrations. The shop windows are decorated with Icelandic colors and Ionian portraits. Parades, concerts and streets come to life.

Icelanders use sunrise and sunset tracking mainly on the longest day of the year, and that is June 21st. The sun rises on this day at 2:54 and sets after midnight at 00:04. An ideal day for trips to nature and observation of this natural phenomenon.

Merchant's Day - the first weekend in August and Monday (Verslunarmannahelgi) - the holiday was originally for employees in the service, they had to rest. Today, everyone has time off and it is the salesmen who have to go to work so that people can buy. This holiday is very often associated with camping, nature trips and especially drinking alcohol. It is most actively celebrated especially on the islands of Vestmannaeyjar.

The third weekend in August - Menningarnótt (Reykjavik Culture Night) - a very nicely designed holiday, when the streets of the capital is open to concerts, as well as bars and cafes. Some locals even hold open days at home and invite passers-by for cocoa and something good. It all ends with a large fireworks display and then drinks until morning.

December 1 - Independence Day - an official holiday, however, people work and do not celebrate so much.

December 21st - the shortest day - in Reykjavík the sun rises at 11:22, sets at 15:30 - it is already cold, people prefer to stay inside and they also have a lot of work to do before Christmas.

December 23 - Day of the celebration of St. láorlák, Þorláksmessa - Porlák was an island saint, a bishop, who 23.12. 1193 died. Pre-Christmas preparations are in full swing, with shops open until almost midnight.

December 24 - Christmas, Jól - Christmas time looks like Iceland in our country. Icelanders gather for dinner, hand out presents, and then hold Christmas Masses. The day after Christmas, it is usual to visit family.

December 31 - New Year's Eve, Gamlárskvöld - very similar to ours. In addition to the large amount of alcohol that is drunk this evening, people also try a variety of pyrotechnics, which they detonate in large quantities at midnight.

## The sign of Iceland

The coat of arms of Iceland shows us the Icelandic flag, surrounded by untraditionally four (usually only two) shield bearers. These are mythological figures - bull=protector of the southwest, eagle or griffin = protector of the northwest, dragon = protector of the northeast and giant = protector of the southeast
This emblem has been used since the date of the proclamation of the republic, which was 1944

## Currency of Iceland

On the island you can pay in Icelandic crowns - króna (ISK).

- The value of coins - 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 ISK
- Banknote value - 500, 1000, 2000, 5000

The most expensive in the country is alcohol. Other prices are comparable to other Scandinavian countries.

You can exchange money at banks, you will not find classic exchange offices in Iceland, or we can get money from an ATM. The card payment almost anywherepossible.

### Prices in Iceland

Prices usually vary depending on whether you are shopping in the capital or on the outskirts. Look for most things, from food to medicines to drugstore goods, in supermarkets. The most famous are Bónus, Krónan, Samkaup or Nettó. Small businesses such as bakeries are only in larger cities and there are not many of them. However, if you leave the capital, you will only be dependent on petrol stations. You can buy alcohol mainly in the state store Vínbuðin.
The shops normally open until around 11 am and close early, as early as 6 pm. Which, given the long day, can be confusing at times.

Approximate prices of products in Iceland:

- Beer in the shop (can) - 300-364 ISK / 1,8-2,2 GBP
- Beer in the restaurant 0,5l - 800-990 ISK / 4,8-6 GBP
- Coffee in a cafe - 350-450 ISK / 2,1-2,7 GBP
- Better lunch in the restaurant - 3 290-4 900 ISK / 20-30 GBP
- Ham slices - 360 ISK / 2,2 GBP
- Bagette 185 ISK / 1 GBP

From a European to an Icelander? Only through the kitchen! Of course, the seafood is one of the greatest delicacies of the elves' island. You can find Omega 3 in almost every dish you get on a plate in the restaurant. After Japan, Iceland is the second country with the largest consumption of fish. But watch out for Iceland's most popular delicacy. If you see in the menu that they serve "Hárakl", think twice if trying new things will always bring you only something good. It is a deeply fermented shark. You will not find this delicacy elsewhere in the world and you will not forget it just like that. The meat of the small-headed shark has a very pungent odor. The shark is the northernmost fish and in order for its body to cope with low temperatures, it is saturated with nitrogenous substances and these are more toxic. The meat must first be chopped into 30 cm thin slices, inserted into a gravel hole and loaded with heavy stones that push the toxic juice out of the meat. And for the whole 6 - 12 weeks the meat slowly decomposes underground and for another 4 - 5 months it is dried hanging in a dry place. And the reward for several months of effort is stinging meat, with a hint of fish, which is consumed with a toothpick and drunk with cumin brandy.

## Interesting facts about Iceland

In this land of contrasts, there is no shortage of adrenaline experiences, romantic impressions and cultural events. Romantic souls will enjoy watching the Northern Lights, or Aurora Borealis, named after the Roman goddess of dawn. It is necessary to set aside at least a week for this solar phenomenon. The night must be clear and the sun's activity strong enough, but this extraordinary experience surpassed even the wildest imaginations of experienced travelers, who described the glow as the strongest moment of their lives. This phenomenon, most often caused by solar activity and the earth's magnetic field, can be observed in the northern part of the island.

There are many more experiences for adventurers in Iceland. The most popular are rafting and kayaking downhill around Iceland. Where else can you see all the stages of the planet's development in one day. As a result of the changeable weather, you will find yourself in a completely different landscape after each awakening than the one you went to bed the day before. The ubiquitous smell of sulfur also contributes to the adrenaline experience, reminding you that after a strenuous descent, a hot natural geyser awaits you, which will relax your muscles again and give you a little of the longevity of the inhabitants. Along with countless waterfalls, hot geysers are another unique phenomenon from which you will not take your eyes off. Strokkir Geyser spews a stream of water up to a height of 30 meters, but if you are looking for a real giant among geysers, visit the Great Geyser, which has named all the geysers in the world and can reach its gushing stream of water up to 80 meters.

Once you have full of adrenaline, leave the steering of the boat more experienced and sail further into the open sea. The reward will definitely be a small whale, which lazily surrounds your boat several times and with waves tail fins goodbye. Yes, we are talking about whales and their observation in the wild. You can cross out another experience that you never thought could happen to you.

## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of emergency in Iceland?**

Emergency line: 112 (police, firefighters, medical care)

First aid: + 354-525-1000

Police: 114

Fire brigade: 112

**The telephone area code for Iceland is +354.**

**Contacts at The British Embassy in Reykjavik, Iceland :**

**Address:**

```txt
Michael Nevin
British Embassy Reykjavik
Laufásvegur 31
101 Reykjavík
Iceland
```

Phone: +354 550 5100

Email: info@britishembassy.is

Further contacts can be found on the website

Guide to Iceland

money-bill.svg

Dong

Price of a ticket from Washington DC to Hanoi

Flight tickets of 483 USD

## Why Vietnam

Vietnam is a landscape of many aspects, breathtaking nature, nice people, sensational food and many more. Vietnam has been a tourist favorite country for the past few years. It is said that it is a less well-known Thailand. Whether this is true, everyone will have to judge it themselves. It is suitable for visiting with children, but also without children and only with a backpack. If you are a lover of infinitely long sandy beaches, beautiful weather, recreational activities with nature and great food, do not hesitate and go to Vietnam, which offers all of these.

Vietnam also has a rich history, so even art lovers will be into it. Tourists are offered a lot of activities, from exploring the Vietnamese underground, hiking to the highest mountain of Indochina, kayaking in Ha Long Bay, diving, cooking classes, sailing on the Mekong, camping on the beach or playing in the dunes. In general, you can do anything you can think of here.

## The capital of Vietnam

The capital of Vietnam is Hanoi, an ever-evolving metropolis, which is bustling and fascinating. It has a population of almost 8 million and is a major cultural, political and economic center. The first mention of Hanoi is back to the middle of the 10th century, when northen Vietnam was under control of Chinese rules. The then king of the first Vietnamese dynasty, Ly, chose his capital here and moved here from Hoa Lu. He named the city Thang Long or the city of the flying dragon. In the 18th century, thanks to the influence of the rebels and the new successor, dynasty Nguyen, the capital moved again to Hue. In 1831, Thang Long was renamed Ha Noi, or the city inside of the rivers. Until 1976, Hanoi was only the capital of northern Vietnam. After the coup and the unification of the country in 1976, it became the capital of the entire Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

In the 1970s, Hanoi was severely damaged by the ongoing American war in Indochina, yet there remain a large number of fascinating cultural monuments. Among the most famous ones are the Hanoi Opera, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, Quoc Tu Giam Temple of literature, Tran Quoc Pagoda and many others that are definitely worth a visit.

## Flag of Vietnam

The Vietnam flag's meaning is easily understandable. The base is a red rectangle and a yellow star in the middle. Red symbolizes blood and yellow is the "skin color" of the Vietnamese people. It is claimed that the red background also represents the struggle for independence that the Vietnamese coped with for many years. The five-pointed star symbolizes the cohesion of each Vietnamese people, despite the great differences between 5 social groups, workers, traders, the army, farmers and intellectuals. The flag in its current form has been used since 1976.

## Population of Vietnam

Vietnam or the full name Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 2015 was inhabited by over 95 million people. The capital Hanoi has more than 8 million inhabitants. The majority of population is Vietnamese (about 85%). Other 53 ethnic groups live in Vietnam such as Khmer, Hmong, Chinese. During the wars between Vietnam and China, almost half a million Chinese left Vietnam.

In 1986, property rights and freedoms were liberated and people began to move to cities on a large scale. The rate of urbanization is increasing every year. Today, about 36% of the population lives in cities.

## Holidays in Vietnam

The best opportunity to get to know Vietnamese culture is to take part in a national holiday or celebration. Some holidays have a fixed date, others have a changeable date according to the lunar calendar. If we decide to visit Vietnam at a time when there are some celebrations, let's take a thicker wallet with us. Prices are rising very high during the holidays.

- January 1st, New Year's Eve / Tet Duong Lich /
- January-February (the 1st - 5th of the first lunar month), Tet Nguyen Dan - MOST IMPORTANT
  holiday in Vietnam, New Year and Christmas are celebrated at once
- April 30th, Vietnam Unification Day / Saigon Giai Phong / - celebration of the end of the
  war on April 30th, 1975
- May 1st, Labor Day
- May 19th, Ho Chi Minh's Birthday Celebration / Sinh Nhat Bac Ho /
- May 26th (the 8th of the April in lunar calendar) - Buddha's birthday celebrations
- Md-autumn festival (the 15th of the August lunar month)
- September 1, Independence Day - Ho Chi Minh City's Declaration of Independence
  in 1954
- December 24th and 25th, Christmas' Eve

## Emblem of Vietnam

The yellow five-pointed star on a red circular base is the basis of the Vietnamese
Emblem. This circle is bordered by a wreath of rice representing agriculture.
Part of the emblem is a cogwheel symbolizing industry. The whole emblem is tied with a red ribbon on which
the inscription "Socialist Republic of Vietnam" is. The emblem has been used since 1976.

## Currency in Vietnam

The national Vietnamese currency is the dong, which means copper. It comes from the initial currency, which was made of copper. The abbreviation of the Vietnamese dong is VND. All banknotes depict Ho Chi Minh, one of the most important figures in the history of Vietnam. The best way to exchange dollars is in Vietnam. The euro is also not a problem, but exchange rates are better for the dollar. We can change money in the bank, goldsmiths and tourist areas and currency conversion offices. In conversion, USD 1 is equal to VND 23,122.19, see [currency converter](https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=VND).

## Timeshift

New York City is in the UTC -4 time zone and Vietnam UTC + 7, so the difference is 11
hours. If we are at 12:00 pm in New York, it is 11 hours more in Vietnam, ie 11:00 am.
London is in the UTC +0 time zone different from Vietnam, if it is 7 am in London, then it is 2 pm in Vietnam.

## Prices in Vietnam

Vietnam is one of the cheaper destinations for foreign tourists. Although prices are constantly rising with increasing tourism, they are still lower or at most the same as in our country. As anywhere in the world, living in Vietnam is cheap but also expensive. The advantage of Asian countries is that it is very easy to bargain here, you often get 50% of the original price.

- Accommodation in a double room from VND 150,000 - 300,000
- Accommodation for the more demanding from VND 1,000,000
- Food in a cheaper restaurant about VND 15,000 - 30,000
- Food in a more expensive restaurant about VND 40,000 - 150,000
- Beer VND 8,000 - 13,000
- Bottled water approx. VND 5,000
- Postcard VND 3,500
- Taxi for 1km VND 10,000 - 15,000
- Motorbike rental per day VND 100,000 - 300,000

## Vaccination in Vietnam

Vietnam is becoming more and more a popular tourist area every year. There is a large accumulation of people here and hygiene habits are not like in other countries. As prevention, several vaccinations are recommended, but none is mandatory, so it is always at the discretion of each of us.

Jaundice A + B, typhoid fever and tetanus are recommended as basic vaccinations.

Vaccination against typhoid fever is for about 5 years and its price is around USD 242. Then revaccination is needed.

Other recommended vaccinations include rabies and malaria. Vaccination depends on the nature of the trip and the areas visited. Contact your general practitioner or travel medicine institute for more information.

## Visa to Vietnam

A visa is required for foreign citizens to enter the country. Depending on your needs, you can choose from three different visas - an E-visa, a 30-day multi-entry visa and a 180-day multi-entry visa.

An e-visa is a single-entry visa valid for a maximum of 30 days. The application can be submitted on the website <https://immigration.gov.vn/dv-bao-lanh> and its price is USD 25.

In order to obtain a multi-entry visa or so-called "Visa on arrival", it is necessary to apply for a letter for approval, which we will present at the airport upon arrival in Vietnam.

If we are going to the Phu Quoc island and stay within 30 days, we will do without a visa. However, we have to arrive from the international airport and also fly out of there from Vietnam.

## Security in Vietnam

Vietnam is a very safe country to travel. The people here are nice and willing to help with anything. Crime is very low here, but as everywhere in the world, pickpocketing is not avoided in Vietnam either. Keep all money, passports and valuables well.

Healthcare is at a very high level here, if you look for a "private hospital", you will find several in almost every city. English can usually be spoken to paramedics.

Mosquito-borne diseases, dengue fever, are on the rise. It is not possible to vaccinate against this disease and it is recommended to use a repellent with a high DEET component as effective prevention. As in most Asian countries, tap water is not drinkable in Vietnam, so it is recommended to drink only bottled water.

## Interesting facts about Vietnam

Vietnam is a country that offers many attractions and curiosities. Did you know, for example, that Vietnam is the largest producer of cashew nuts in the world? It accounts for 37% of exports. Or that most of the banknotes are made of plastic?

40% of Vietnamese bears the surname Nguyen /ŋwiəʔən˧˥/.

It is one of the longest underground tunnel complexes in Vietnam, measuring 250 km. The Cu Chi tunnels (/gu: tʃi/) served as a transport and logistics haven during the Vietnam War. Only half of these tunnels have been preserved.

Vietnam is a country of motorcycles. Approximately 35 times more than cars are registered. Only the richest can afford cars, as 90% of import tax is included.

## Important contacts

**Where to call in case of emergency in Vietnam?**

- Firefighters 114
- Police 113
- Ambulance 115

**Vietnam phone code is +84.**

**Contacts at U.S Ambassy Hanoi:**

**Address:**
7 Lang Ha street, Hanoi, Vietnam

Phone: 024 3850-5000
Email: support-vietnam@ustraveldocs.com.
Further contacts can be found on the <https://vn.usembassy.gov/>

**Contacts at British Embassy Hanoi:**

**Address:**

Central Building, 4th floor, 31 Hai Ba Trung Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
Phone: 024 3936 0500
Email: generalenquiries.vietnam@fcdo.gov.uk.
Further contacts can be found on the <https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-hanoi>

**Contacts at Australia Ambassy Vietnam:**

**Address:**
8 Dao Tan Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam

Phone: 024 37740100
Email: consular.hanoi@dfat.gov.au
Further contacts can be found on the <https://vietnam.embassy.gov.au/hnoi/home.html>

Guide to Vietnam

In conversion, one 100 Bahts is approximately 3.3 USD

Baht

## Why Thailand

Thailand is one of the most frequently searched countries in the world when it comes to tourism. However, there are still some places not so familiar to tourists. The most attractive things for tourists are the **infinitely long sandy beaches**, **beautiful weather**, full of greenery and unrivaled **cuisine**. It is a country full of contrasts. On the one hand, luxury resorts are right next to a slum. Many locals offer a "restaurant" right at home in these slums. You can often see them all the way to the kitchen. But don't be fooled by the first impression, as this is usually the best gastronomic experience and for a few dollars.

As Thailand is a Buddhist country, lovers of history and art will find many unique monuments here. You can find a Buddha statue or Buddhist temples on almost every corner. If you are not a pure art lover, you will certainly enjoy the wildlife of national parks or nature preservations. Swimming in waterfalls, swimming with elephants, feeding monkeys or "just" taking a walk in the jungle, all these and many more will attract you to these parks. The most famous and beautiful of them is Erawan Park. Another reason to travel to Thailand is the weather, beaches and beautiful romantic islands. The weather here is tropical and is divided into dry and rainy seasons. There is no bad time to travel to Thailand. You can come here all year round, only from June to October it rains more.

What would it be like to spend our vacation in Thailand if we didn't indulge in a **Thai massage**. You don't even have to look for massage offers, they will literally approach you step by step. Thai massage is essentially an art. It is a combination of yoga and massage, where the body and soul come together. The recommended massage time is at least 90 minutes. You will pay around BHT 300 for such a massage.

## The capital of Thailand

The capital of Thailand is Bangkok, or the city of sins. With its 8 million inhabitants, it is also the most populous city in the country and also the center of finance and trade in Thailand. In history, Bangkok has served as a trading post. This has been the case since the 15th century. At the end of the 19th century, the city was greatly influenced by modernization from the west, it became the center of rebellion and coups. Between the years 1960 and 1980, there was rapid growth, which has an impact on current politics, the media, the economy and education. Regional representations of multinational companies were built here. Due to its rapid growth, it has very significant problems with its transport infrastructure.

Tourists will find many cultural monuments here, but they will also enjoy the nightlife. The main important monuments include the Buddhist temples Wat Arun and Wat Pho, the Grand Palace, Chatuchak Weekend Market and King Power MahanaKhon. Bangkok is the third most visited city in the world. In the ranking in front of it are only London and Paris. At the same time, it was called the best city in the world, three times in a row, by Travel + Leisure magazine.

## King of Thailand

Maha Vatchiralongkon Bodindradebajavarangkun or Rama X. is the tenth king of Thailand from the Chakra dynasty since 13th October 2016. Rama X. is the only son of Rama IX. and Queen Sikirit born on 28th July 1952.

The king was married a total of three times. He has an only daughter from his first marriage. His second marriage brought him a total of five descendants, including four sons and one daughter. After the divorce, Princess Yuvadhida, his second wife, moved to Britain with her children. Rama X. then kidnapped his daughter from this marriage back to Thailand, the remaining sons were rejected by the king after the divorce. From the third marriage, King Rama X has his last son.

## Flag of Thailand

The flag of Thailand or tricolor consists of five stripes in red, white, blue, white, red. The bandwidth ratio is 1:1:2:1:1. In history, blue resembled an ally during World War I. The main one was France, whose flag also has a tricolor blue-red-white. According to modern interpretation, it symbolizes the kingdom. Red is a symbol of shed blood for its acquisition and subsequent freedom. White represents the purity of the nation and Buddhism. In the past, an elephant was depicted on the national flag, as Thailand was often nicknamed the Land of the White Elephant. To this day, it is possible to buy a miniature flag with an elephant in stores.

## Population of Thailand

At the last census in 2018, Thailand had a population of 69.2 million. The metropolis of Bangkok is home to 14 million, accounting for more than 22% of the country's population. 75% of the population is Thai. Other ethnic groups approved by the Thai government include the Chinese, Malays, Khmer and Laos. There are a total of 62 approved ethnic groups. More than 93% of the population resorts to Buddhism, 5% are Muslims and 1% Christians.

## Holidays in Thailand

Thai holidays always have a fixed date. This is the case in contrast to various festivities and celebrations. This is because it follows the lunar calendar. If the holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is always a day off.

- 1st January New Year
- January / February Chinese New Year - this is not an official holiday, but the country is significantly paralyzed for 2-3 days
- 6th April Chakri Dynasty Day - A celebration of the founding of the currently ruling dynasty
- April (full moon day) Songkran - Thai New Year
- 5th May Coronation day
- May / June (full moon) Visakha Bucha - celebration of Buddha's birth
- July (full moon) Asalha Bucha - a holiday to celebrate the Buddha's first sermon
- Khao Phansa (the day after Asalha Bucha) - the day when the three-month period of fasting of Buddhist monks begins
- 12th August Her Majesty Queen Sikirit's birthday - Mother's Day
- 23th October King Chulalongkor Day - celebrations in honor of the death of King Rama V.
- October / November Ok Phansa - the end of a three-month Buddhist fast
- November (full moon) Lond Krathong - Feast of Lights
- 5th December King's birthday - celebrations of fathers
- 10th December Constitution Day - the anniversary of the date of adoption of the Constitution in 1932
- 31st December New Year's Eve

During Thai holidays and all kinds of festivities, accommodation prices may vary. It is, therefore, a good idea to find out this information before you travel.

## Emblem of Thailand

The main national emblem of Thailand is a symbol of freedom and a better morning, the mythical bird Garuda. An explanation of it exists in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology. The bird is depicted in red and gold.

The first Thai emblem was founded by Rama I. The red flag was supplemented by a white Buddhist wheel of law, decorated on the inside with a ring. Rama II then added a white elephant in the middle of the wheel. It was a symbol of rare elephants. Rama IV, during his reign, has removed the white wheel of law and only the elephant remained.

The first official emblem was established during the reign of Rama V in 1873. Today's form of the emblem has existed since 1910 when it was founded by Rama VI.

## Currency of Thailand

The only currency in Thailand is the Thai baht (bat). The world code is TBH. The best exchange rate in Thailand is Euros or US Dollars. Money can be exchanged at the airport, the exchange rate does not differ much from banks or exchange offices in cities. Tourist areas are richly equipped with ATMs, but there is a charge for them. Payment by card is not as common here as in Europe, as Thais pay large fees to the bank for it.

## Prices in Thailand

Prices in Thailand are much lower than the dollar average. In tourist resorts, however, it is a bit exaggerated. The advantage is that you can bargain in almost every store. But beware of the double price standards. It can be found quite often in Thailand. This is a price for Thai people and a price (always higher) for tourists.

In conversion, one baht is based on approximately USD 0.032.

[Before leaving, you can check the course here, for example](https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=THB).

Approximate prices

- **Postcard** TBH 5
- **Food in cheaper bistros** TBH 15-80
- **Food in restaurants** from TBH 100
- **Beer in the restaurant** TBH 50-80
- **Bottled water** TBH 8-15
- **Tuk Tuk** TBH 100
- **Accommodation** per night TBH 200 - 2000
- **Scooter** per day from TBH 150
- **Petrol** TBH 20 - 45
- **Boat trips** by destination from TBH 250
- **Thai massage** TBH 250 - 350

## Vaccination in Thailand

Thailand is one of the most popular tourist countries. There is a large accumulation of people here and hygiene habits are not the same as in other countries. As prevention, several vaccinations are recommended, but none is mandatory, so it is always at the discretion of each of us.

Jaundice A + B, typhoid fever and tetanus are recommended as basic vaccinations. Vaccination against typhoid fever is for about 3 years and its price is from USD 34.6 to 51.9. Every tourist should have been vaccinated against tetanus. Its protection lasts from approximately 10 to 15 years. Then revaccination is needed.

Other recommended vaccinations include rabies and malaria. Vaccination depends on the nature of the trip and the areas visited. Contact your general practitioner or travel medicine institute for more information.

## Security in Thailand

Security in Thailand is no different from most other countries. Actually, it is considered one of the safest Asian countries. Robberies rarely happen. It's a good idea to watch out for pickpockets at some night markets. Keep all money, passports and valuables well. However, this is recommended anywhere in the world.

As far as healthcare is concerned, it is at a very high level in Thailand. In remote parts of the country, medical facilities are less available, but everywhere there are very well-equipped pharmacies, where a lot of medicine is available without a prescription. It is recommended to use a repellent to prevent diseases caused by mosquito transmission.

As tap water is not drinkable in Thailand, it is recommended to drink only bottled water. The price of drinking water is around a few baht and can be found almost anywhere. Buying a filter bottle is a good idea.

## Interesting facts about Thailand

Thailand is a country full of attractions and curiosities. Did you know that Thai national beer Singha is produced using hops from the Czech Republic which is famous by excellent beer quality? Or that the original name of the capital Bangkok is Krung Thep Maha Nakhon Amorn Rattanakosindra Mahindrayutthaya Mahadilokpop Noparattana Radchhani Burirom Udom Rachnivet Mahastan Amorn Pimarn Avatarn Satit Sakututtiya Vishnukarm Prasit. Since 1782, the locals have called it Krung Thep alias, city of angels for short. Speaking of angels, did you know the famous Red Bull that gives you wings originated in Thailand.

The Buddhist calendar is used in Thailand. Interestingly, according to it, the year now is 2563. To our Gregorian calendar, which counts as year 0 and the birth of Christ, as the starting year, add 543. In 543, the Buddha came to nirvana, which is the goal of the Buddhist faith.

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